1322 CARDUACEAE 
oe bracts of the involucre less than 4 mm. long, 
uter bracts ovate: achene about 2 mm. long. 
Leaf-blades broader 
Inner bracts of ‘the involucre linear: leaf-blades entire 
or coarsely toothed, but the teeth not salient. 
Inner bracts of the involucre 4 mm. long or more. 
Leaf-blades peeteay or predominantly narrowed 
upwar 
Pence. spreading: 
ye aes hs broadly 
inner bracts of the in- 
linear: achene about 3 
ong 
eaves inner bracts 
yg gs narrowly linear: 
of the in- 
achene about 2 
Leaf-blades s typically or predominantly broadened 
Blades of the cauline-leaves entire or nearly 
so: achene about 3 mm. long. 
Blades of the cauline leaves coarsely toothed : 
achene d F a n oor 
Inner bracts of the 35m long or 1l 
Inner pete of the iE lipti: EEES stiff, 
prominently ribbed, usually saliently toothed. 
. ROTUNDIFOLIA 
iir crenate, serrate-crenate, or dentate-serrate or 
d incised : braets of the involucre acute or 
e, 
Branches of the inflorescence oc ana blades of the 
upper foe coarsely few-t 
Brana n the inflorescence Done 2s of the 
r le Pisos. more finely and evenly thed. 
Leaf. blades about as wide as long, the ee ones 
of deltoid a ee dam type, truncate or 
subcordate at t 
Leaf- pese longer chan w vide, the upper ones of a 
ype, Pounded- or broadly cuneate at the 
bas 
Involucre over 6 mm. long: achene nearly 3 mm. 
lon 
Involuere less than 6 mm. long: achene about 2 
ong. 
Leaf-blades anata serrate: bracts of the involucre ob- 
tuse. 
VII. PERFOLIATA 
Leaf-blades connate-clasping: bracts o involucre 
mostly less than 12: head more than 15-flowered. 
Involucre cylindric- turbinate, over 4 mm. high, acute at 
h ; inner bracts linear, psi. 
high, rounded 
acts elliptic, abruptly short- 
inted o 
Leaf- blades connote ario liate, except in E. perfoliatum 
truncatum: bracts of the in volucre mostly more than 12: 
head less than 15-flowered. 
VIII. c E 
Corolla pink to — P4 wholly glabro 
Corolla white, the lobes pubescent, Some Cie very slightly 
Leaf-blades sharply or saliently toothed, the upper 
auline-leaves — slender-petioled, with petioles 
wees or quite one-half as long as the blades 
ME plants; blades of the leaves of "tH 
S ypically nearly or quite,1 dm. long, of 
.an pci type. 
Involucre mostly less than 20-flowered, 3 
o: or less at maturity; bracts mostly 13 a 
ewer. 
Involucre mostly- more than 25-flowered, 4 mm 
and E more at maturity ; bracts mostly 16 
Small- Juve ere ; blades of the leaves of the 
stem typically less than 6 cm. lo ong, of a hastate 
or deltoid type. 
15. E. 
f=! 
c 
1T. 
19. 
bo 
jà 
to 
co 
to 
e 
z 
30. E. 
E. 
. lecheaefolium. 
Torreyanum. 
recurvans., 
tortifolium. 
cuneifolium. 
semiserratum., 
altissimum. 
. verbenaefolium, 
. rotundifolium. 
pubescens. 
scabridum. 
sessilifolium. 
. Chapmanit. 
. cuneatum. 
. perfoliatum. 
incarnatum. 
urticaefolium. 
roanensis. 
. jucundum. 
