1340 l CARDUACEAE 
bracts mostly broadest above the middle, not woolly, glandular, deep-green, the 
outer rather foliaceous, usually acute.—Pinelands and hammock-borders, pen. 
la. 
11. C. decumbens Chapm. Stem decumbent, 6-12 dm. long, white-cottony or 
cobwebby-cottony ; ieri of the cauline leaves spatulate to oblong or oblong- 
lanceolate, obtuse or abruptly acute, entire, sessile: involuere 8-10 mm. high 
braets sparingly Cubs UIT RA —Pinelands, Coastal Plain, Fla. to N. C. 
we 
12. C. pilosa (Walt.) Britton. Stem 3-7 dm. tall, lanate: blades of the cauline 
leaves on oblong, or oblong-spatulate, obtuse or apieulate, a Or spar 
ingly toothed dni partiy Mu involucre about 1 cm. high; s densely 
villous-cob webby ute or acuminate. LC. gossypina Nutt. eae ene w er 
and pinelands, ila. p Ala. and N. C., (Va.?) 
13. C. Nuttallii Britton. Stem villous or softly hirsute, E 8 dm. pe d be- 
low the inflorescence or sometimes branched throug sn aves few umerous, 
1.5—4.5 em. long: blades E - linear-oblong, entire or dista antiy or r coarsely 
toothed, acute, sessile, or er ones oblong- T te and commonly in 
cised: heads showy: invo lue s 8-10 m o bracts linear or linear- S003. 
acuminate: ray-flowers with ti igul ; 10-15 m long: achenes 10-nerved.—Rocky 
open w roods, sandy hills, prairies, ad oak- o. Miss. to Tex., Kans., and Mo. 
23. PITYOPSIS Nutt. Perennial herbs with silvery or lead-colored, 
silky pubescence, or rarely glabrate. Leaves alternate: blades elongate, 
nervose or gramineous, entire. Heads terminating irregular peduncles or 
eorymbose. Involucre campanulate to turbinate: bracts narrow. Ray-flowers 
with yellow ligules. Disk-corollas with a narrow funnelform throat. Anther- 
appendages ovate to lanceolate. Stigmas lanceolate. Achene compressed- -fusi- 
form. Pappus double, the outer series very short and scale-like. About 10 species 
of eastern North America. 
Cauline leaves numerous, filiform; glabrous or nearly so. I. PINIFOLIAE. 
Cauline leaves few, linear, silky- -lanate, sometimes narrowly 
so, or linear- -lanceolate. 
Peduncles, branches, and stem woolly-tomentose. II. Koc 
Peduncles, branches, and sometimes the stem, glandular. III. ASPER 
I. PINIFOLIAE 
PET plant with m m filiform leaves and not very numer- 
S heads of flow 1. P. pinifolia. 
II. GRAMINIFOLIAE 
Stem conspicuously zigzag 2. P. flexuosa. 
Stem strict or cup so 
Involucres 10-12 m hig h. 
n orescence branches. few or several: ligules of the 
ray-flowers mostly over 1 cm. long. 3. P. Tracyi. 
Tubo scence bran Cos. many: HEUS of the ray- 
owers less than 1 cm. long. 4. P. graminifolia. 
Involueres 4-7 mm. high. 5. P. microcephala. 
III. ASPERAE 
Lower cauline leaves not markedly longer than the upper. 6. P. Ruthii. 
Lower cauline leaves PP longer than the upper 
em-leaves numer approximate; blades narrow: 
ligules of the ie ere less than 1 em. long. 7. P. aspera. 
Stem leaves mostly 2-4, distant: blades relatively broad: 
ka of the ray- -flowers over 1 cm. long. 8. P. oligantha. 
