CARDUACEAE 1345 
Plant without long horizontal stolon 
Thyrse spicate or umbel-like, the Tai not uni- 
laterally racemose (not secund V 
: . . VIRGA-AUREAE, 
Thyrse paniculate, usually with many of the 
heads unilaterally racemose (secund). . 
Leaf-blades strongly pellucid-punctate, VI. ODORAE. 
Leaf-blades ae pee (est Er te. 
asal es stem-leaves 
gr adus. reduced ape aed. VII. ULMIFOLIAE. 
Basal rosettes usually present, very large 
an COnopicugue : lower stem-leaves 
er. 
base: et le amplexica ule, VIII. NOTABILES. 
i at .base: dry 
nd plan IX. ARGUTAE. 
honors petioles. strongly clasp- 
Dent M vid serrate 
ate, coria- 
— ‘pla ants M en. X. ULIGINOSAE, 
Leat- ‘blades US and cori- 
ntir plants 
of en. ness" or salt- 
marshes. . XI. SEMPERVIRENTES. 
blades, at least partially 
riple- : 
Plant with long horizontal stolons. 
Basal dao and basal leaves conspicuous, 
e blades i se nr than the abruptly 
upper 
XII. NEMORALES. 
En e 
Pe m the pum not impressed, 
serrate nate-serrate. XIII. VERNAE. 
Leaf-blades "wit nud us entire or 
shallowly crenate-ser XIV. PETIOLATAE.. 
Basal rosettes anina or De inconspicuous. 
Thyrse with the lower heads in axillary 
clusters, the pper Spicate: leaf-blades 
not ipie ribbe XV. 
Thyrse paniculate, ' the heads unilaterally 
racemose enun at least on the 
I'LEXICAULES. 
us, gradually redu ced upw 
Leaf. blades not triple. ribbed. XVI 
A ALTISSIMAE. 
Leaf-blades triple-ribbed. XVII. 
SEROTINAE. 
I. MACROPHYLLAE 
Plant with basal rosettes large and conspicuous; heads 10-15 mm. high, the 
lower ones in clusters, the upper forming a spike-like thyrse : pu much elongate 
and conspicuous, somewhat flattene d. . S. glomerata. 
II. SQUARROSAE 
Plant with heads medium-sized or large, 6-12 mm. 
terminal thyr i 
elow: involucral bracts, at least of the outer ones with s AUR tips: 
ed, 2-3 times a ng as wide: ac 
stigmas 
Jowish-br flatten times as lo wide ene eil dark- -br rown or yel- 
ow 
Basal ros settes conspicuous: blades of the lower stem-leaves 
av those of the basal rosettes 6-12 cm. long, 3-5 cm. 
vide, their petioles as long as or longer than the blades. 
Basal rosettes | usually nonc p of Pos lower leaves 
RE lon 1 0.8-5 vide, their petioles 
15: mm 
{u p lo 
Leat- blades thick, oblong- l firm, shallowly crenate- 
the larger mostly 6-8 em. long, 1.5-2 cm 
wide : stem closely short hispid above: involucral 
bracts loos 3. S. Milleriana. 
Leaf- oe thin, oblong-obovate | 
2. S. squarrosa. 
or oblong- E 
long, 2.5-5 cm. ns stem pilose above; involucral 
sed. 
4. S. Buckleyi, 
