1392 CARDUACEAE 
pale or purplish: leaf-blades linear, linear-elliptic or Nro usually 
seabrate on both ud the margin especially so, acute, what n wed to 
a ag -clasping base: heads few P several, somewhat race miform (ra E 2 
form or racemo -panieuliform), 3 cm. broad: involucre hemispheric or nearly 
80; ped imbrieate in several Es many series, only the tips spreading, leather 
or foliaeeous, the inner much the longer, each outer series gradually becoming 
shorter, the outermost linear, acute, the remainder abruptly acute, the inner- 
most very narrow: ray-flowers 15-30; ligules blue-violet or violet, 15-25 
long pappus tawny achenes somewhat pubescent.—D l, hillsides, woods 
S 
and prairies, various provinces, Ala. to Tex., Kans., and Mo.—Fall ——Markedly 
distinct from A. pedionomus in ‘its gregarious "habit. 
97. A. verutifolius p epus Stem up to 9 dm. tall, glabrous or nearly so, 
slender and sparingly branched, purplish: leaf-blades most unusual for an 
Aster, with a triangular, half- sheathing e m eontraeted to a i 
filiform, rapier-shaped blade, 8-10 em. long, or longer, glabrous, entire 
very rigid: yide Pic og! on long Ru UE in a loose paniele whose ae 
begin far dow with a few short-peduncled heads in the leaf- axils, 
3—4 em broad: po d h ond braets imbrieate in about 5 series, 
ae eiliolate, outer narrowly linear-aeuminate from a broad base, the 
inne her era " Or r narrowly elliptic vin acuminate tips: jus 20-25; 
ligules violet, ong: pappus tawny: achene not seen mature, but 
probably d M —Moist soil near Ocean CNN "Miss. —Fall. 
98. A. spinulosus Chapm. Plant nearly or quite smooth to the touch, and 
almost without hair: stem pale, slender, 5-6 dm. high, from a short erect 
tuberous rootstock shaggy with marcescent leaf-bases: basal leaves tufted, very 
numerous, long and slender, linear and attenuate below, often 3 dm. long, with 
e ng or com 
en 
aap peas leaf: Ee of the ray violet, a over : em. s broader, the 
disk-flowers fewer and the bra de paler-margined than in 4. paludos us, which 
this ieee oles: ede ay awny, Doe io ie —Wet pinelands, 
Apalachicola roii region, N Fla um.—Unlike 4. paludosus in its smaller 
spicate heads, longer narrower basal leaves, more pungent upper cauline leaves 
and less conspicuous teeth. 
99. A. eryngiifolius T. & G. Plant nearly smooth to the touch, sparsely 
villous above: rootstock tuberous-thickened: stem rigid, erect, 3-7 ‘am m. high, 
unbr ein d, s one terminal head or sometimes hb Dr due closely 
approximate ves grass- a linear-acute with narrowed base, the numerous 
basal perm i chiefly 1 dm. lon ng or less, the DI soon pues to one- 
third the length, subereet, subulate-linear, seile and bract-like; both set o 
the middle with long slender subremote subulate teeth: inv ue broadly hem 
herie; braets nearly of the same length h but of many series, linear- ‘subulate, 
of the ray 3 cm. long, tapering below , light violet, blue or white: disk-flowers 
very numerous: pius becoming ferru uginous in the herbarium: alveolae deep 
and pronounced.—Low pinelands, M Fla., and adj. Ga.—Sum 
100. A. Bracei Britton. Plant perennial: stem rather wiry, 2-9 dm. 
upper leaves more or less spreading; blades Ru linear to linear- subulate: 
heads corymbose: vanes campanulate-tur inate; bracts stout, the inner ones 
Spr.— 
