1408 CARDUACEAE 
iUos about 2 d long: mature involuere 
starfish-like.—Pinelands, waste-grounds, and 
roadsides, Coastal Plain DA aa Fla. 
to La., and Va. Nat. of trop. A 
2. A. humile (Sw.) DC. Stem or branches 
erect or ascending: leaf- blades prd das 
on dis 
A. ps DC. Stem erect, 1 m. tall or 
Ee widely cuc leaf-blades ovate, 
liptie, or oval, 3-5 m. long, obtuse, ied 
lowly toothed, Con omis pubeseent, mor 
r less euneate at the base, m 
involuere eampanulate: 
braets (outer) ‘elliptic to ovate, long-ciliate: mature 
involucre similar to those of A. humile.—Roadsi des, dd 
ands, and ue Bod Coastal Plain, Fla. to Ala., and Ga. Nat. of 
Am.—(W. I., Mer, C. A., S. A.). 
59. SILPHIU 
Perennial, erect, usually large herbs. Leaves al- 
ternate or opposite: 
L. 
blades entire, toothed, or dnd or pedately parted, 
cre campanulate or hemi- 
‘i Ligules of the ray- 
tube Disk-flowers with 
seek tubes, dude throats, and short 
lobes. Achene conspicuously a winged. Pappus of two awns beside the 
apical teeth of the wings, which usually form a U- or V-shaped sinus, or wanting. 
—More than 30 species, North American.—ROSIN-WEEDS. S 
erect. 
Spherie, many-flowered: bra cis e relatively m. 
corollas yellow or rarely white, den A , the ort. 
ROSIN-PLANT 
wr E or their petiole-like bases connate-perfoliate: stem square, sharply 
led. I. PERFOLIATA. 
Leaf- blades n connate-perfoliate : stem terete or obtusely 
uadran 
Plants Br. Scape flower-stems, the leaves ba 
r the base of the stem E leaf-blades pinnately or 
pedately parted or lobed, or very coarsely toothed. 
Heads borne in a raceme 2 m to e stem, very 
large, the involucre 3—4 cm. wide. 
Heads borne in terminal effuse or diffuse panicles, or 
Mo c solitary, relatively small, the involuere 
II. LACINIATA. 
—3 c e. III. COMPOSITA. 
Plants with leafy flower-stems : leaf-blades toothed or en- 
re. 
Bracts of 2r involucre ciliate, otherwise glabrous or 
nearly s 
Bracts of the involucre with pubescent surfaces as well 
as ciliate margins. 
IV. DENTATA. 
V. INTEGRIFOLIA. 
I. PERFOLIAT 
Tal often much-branched plant, with a sour - and 
finely rough-pubescent toothed leaf-blades 1. S. perfoliatum. 
LACINIATA 
bi with yellow ligules: Wines of the achene pro- 
onged into short lacerate teeth. 2. S. laciniatum. 
III. Composit 
Penne. TOM small, the involucre less us 2 em. 
Blades of the basal leaves coarsely toothed or some- 
imes also “shallowly lobed. 3. S. reniforme. 
