CARDUACEAE 1421 
Pappus a erown, more or less produced into triangular teeth at the angles. 
[Brauneria Neck.]—Six species, North American.—CONE-FLOWERS. 
Awn he ane chaff about as long as the body: root horizontal or horizontally inclined, 
fibro I. PURPUREAE. 
Awn of Suns chaff shorter than the body: root vertical, fusi- 
for II. ANGUSTIFOLIAE. 
I. Pv 
Rather coarse herb, with leaf-blades ovate Boh nceolate. E. purpurea. 
II. ANGUSTIFOLIAE l 
Plant cans or eee . E. laevigata. 
. E. pallida 
pid. 
Puy pes ers with Mroonins ligules 4-8 cm. long. ida. 
E. tennesseensis. 
Ray-flowers with spreading ligules 1.5—2.5 Es long. 
BOTH 
1. E. purpurea (L.) Moeneh. Stem seabrous-pubescent, 6—12 dm. tall: uod 
blades ovate to lanceolate, 5-12 cm. jong, serrate or dentate- serrate: brac 
of the involucre linear to linear- E 
hispidulous: ligules of the ray at an 
Jong, or rarely shorter, purple or somewhat 
crimson or whitish. [B. p purpurea "Britton.] 
Rieh soil, woods, a 8 NA. various prov- 
inees, Ala. to La., ,S8 Va. and N. C.— 
Sum.—fall. 
2. E. laevigata (Boynton & es Small. 
Stem glabrous, about 10 dm bus es of 
Hi basal and lower cauline > 1.5-3.5 
wide: bracts of the in iue ig. 
to elliptic- Cara de. merely ciliate: irr 
3-6 long, colo [B. 
ees on * cn »]— Woods and 
fields, Piedmont of S. C.— 
3. E. pallida Nutt. Stem d 5—10 dm. tall: leaf-blades br roadly linear 
to narrowly Mp un em. long: braets of the involuere laneeolate, hispid: 
ligules of the ray 4-8 e m. long, pale or deep rose-color. [B. M Cid 2 
—Dry soil, UA dr barrens, and hillsides, various provinces, Ala 
Minn., and Mas —Spr.- 
. tennesseensis (uc Small. Stem shaggy-hispid, 2-3 dm. tall: leaf- 
us pu 5—18 long: bracts of the involuere lanceolate, e ius 
of the ray 1.5-2.5 c long, purplish. [B. tennesseensis uis ce iia 
hillsides, Interior and | Ozark Plateaus, Tenn. and Ark.—Spr.- 
70. VIGUIERA H.B.K. Annual herbs. Leaves alternate: blades nar- 
row, entire. Heads dip Md Pd the disk elongating in age. In- 
voluere campanulate or hemispheric: bracts 
lax, narrow, anni Peco pens 
pp 
or wanting.—Abou 50 ; species, natives o 
the Western DAN 
zi V. Porteri (A. Gray) Blake. Annual, 
2-12 dm. tall, Nm leaf -blades narrowly 
linear to narrowly linear-lanceolate, 3—15 
