1436 CARDUACEAE 
brous, about one-third as long as the blades: heads puse the stem and 
the branches: peduncles hispid: bracts of ve involuere narrowly lanceolate, 
longer m the En ick d e ray-flowers "With light- n 
ligules about 1.5 e : di sk abou "vide, its corollas with red-p 
ple 
lobes.—Coastal one o and sts “introduced! into sandy places ud. 
Coastal Plain, Fla. to Tex. and Ga.—All yea 
H. argophylus T. & G. Annual: did 1-2 m. high, branched, densely 
white -tomentose, especially on younger par leaves alternate: blade es ovate, 
mostly entire, 1-2 dm. long, the petiole E “little a orter, densely pubescen nt: 
heads large, very showy: bracts of the e rate-acu minate, white- 
: disk 2-3 em. in di . 
andy places, wood and chaparral, various p1 e Te, often ee and 
readily escaping and persistent through the southeast.—Similar ANNUUS, 
but shorter and less branched. The leaf-buds are densely long, white- -pubescent. 
13. H. radula (Pursh) T. & G. Perennial: stem erect from an ped 
base, about 0.5-1 m. high, hirsute d simple to the inflorescence: 
opposite, the basal ones crowded into a rosette, with obovate or Pai 
blades 5-21 em. in d cauline uà ps reduced, I flower- 
x : e s large: 
min ong: disk 
head, often EH the e Snvolueral a. suffused with 
Sandy pinelands, flat-woods, and oak-ridges, Coasta 1 Plain n, Fla. to Ala. and 
Ga.—There are no rootstocks, and ue propagation is by crown- -buds. 
H. verticillatus Small. Perennial: stem slender, less than 2 m. high, 
glabrous leaves verticillate in 4’s, blades Pu narrowly sessile, about 
p m. long, seabrous above, finely s short- -pubeseent and paler beneath: inflores- 
ence a cyme: bracts of the involucre lanceolate, sub-glabrous, a little longer 
than the ‘disk: disk-corollas yellow. —Wet sandy soil, Interior Low Plateaus, 
Ten 
15. H. simulans E. E. Watson. pde ial: stem erect, simple to the in- 
florescence, seabrous-strigose: leave —— crowded ; blades mee mostly 
abou em. long, revolute, ous Dn above, tomentulose beneath: heads 
showy: bracts of the involucre TH ace onger than the disk, thinly 
pubescent, iuda eiliate: the ray-flowers with ligules deeply 2-3-dentate at 
the apex, 2-3 em. long: corollas of ie disk yellow.—Wet muck, low woods, and 
pinelands, Coastal Plain, Fla. to La.—Differs from H: angustifolius, with which 
it is often confused, by its yellow disk. 
16. H. a Small. Perennial: stem Nus l m. high, slender, glabrous, 
arising f ass of basal leaves surmounting a bu ee ae Rod a es 
iei lades varying from ovate-spatulate to T lin 4—17 
ong; cauline jus d e quus succu es nt: a 
single terminal head on the m em: bra of the involucre ae -lanceo- 
m. wide, a little longer than the disk and inet ray- ide. Ww ith 
s Es 2 em. long and 2-3-dentate at the apex: disk 1.5 . wide 
corollas yellow.—Wet sandy soil, mostly about ponds, N Fla.—The m stem 
arises from one side of the bulbous base and the basal clump of leaves from 
the other side; rootstocks none, a is from crown buds. 
17. H. longifolius Pursh. Perennial, similar to the preceding species: stem 
simple to the much branche A inflorescence, orren pu rplish: leaves opposite or 
= upper d blades narrowly linear-o ceo the longest being 25 
. long, chiefly basal and sheathi ing the i m: mom scence an open panicle 
head E iion in H. carnosus; bracts of the involuere narrowly a. 
