1452 CARDUACEAE 
uns of the involucre 6-8, often 2-5 times the length of the disk, erect: rays 
anting: disk-corollas funnelform, pale- yellow, P stamens included: 
irum large, flat, 8-10 mm. long, 3 mm. w ide, brown or olive, nearly smooth 
and glabrous, anargined to “the base, er 3 en awns e ely ba rbed.—Dam 
soil, rich p s, and sandy shores, various provinces, Ga. to La., Minn., and 
Fal 
4. B. connata Muhl. Stem 3-14 dm. tall, sparingly branched, glabro 
bright-green: leaf-blades undivided or vow of the lower deeply pa D bius 
late to elliptic, acuminate, AE d to Pd coarsely and saliently ser- 
rate: heads medium; outer ne of a ae e 4—5, linear- spatulate rarely 
exceeding the disk, glabrous: rays 7 arely resent the ligules one-half longer 
than the disk, the ovaries vae s, and hairy: disk-corollas oed above, 
9-lobed, orange: achene 4-6 mm. long, ra "e narrow and thick, i black, 
covered with ye ellowish pun some or all marginal barbs erect; aw 
der, with retrorse, nearly erect po Hed BEGGAR-TICKS. y Swamps "m 
ditches, various provinces, N. C. to Mo., Minn., and N. H.—Fal 
ata Greene. Stem 7-15 dm. tall, much branched, nearly glabrous: 
leaf- blades commonly 5-divided, the segments lanceolate, straight-veined, acute, 
a it 
u lar sh : S e 15-25 mm. 
wide: ho braets of the involuere 10—16, unequal, usually longer than the 
disk, ciliate, the inner with abruptly narrowed tips: rays pale-yellow, the 
nem pud s the disk, the ovaries awnless and nearly glabrous: disk-corollas 
inpar pale, 4—5 lobed: stamens included: i large; body 6-11, 7.5-9 
. long, 3.5-5 mm. wide, very flat, brown or olive, nearly s smooth, the 9 long 
awns and the upper part of the achene- -margins retro rsely ba rbed. — (STICK- 
TIGHT.)—Damp soil, waste-places, and roadsides, various provinces, rarely 
Coastal Plain, N. C. to Mo., Calif., B. C., and Ont.—Fall. 
6. B. frondosa L. Stem 5-12 dm. tall, slender, bushy-branched, nearly 
glabrous: "n blades pase 3-divided or rarely 5-divided, the segments 
lanceolate, serrate with sharp spreading teeth, acuminate: heads not large: 
outer bracts of the involuere 6—8, subequal, spatulate, sparsely ciliate, usually 
exceeding the disk: rays usually present golden- yellow, the ligules equ ualin ng the 
isk, the scu) - iry and with e dna awns: disk-eorollas 
-lo 
e a 
margins erect, those the 2 awns reflexed or rarely erect.—Damp soil, often a 
eed, various usen Fla. to Tex., Nebr., and N. B.—Sum.-fall. 
B. discoidea (T. & G.) Britton. Stem 3-15 dm. tall, slender, diffusely 
ee nearly or quite a leaf- blades "i divided, the segm ments ieee: 
late or ovate- lanceolate, a em. long, sharply and e coarsely serrate below the 
entire long-acuminate tip: eads very small and numerous, 8-10 mm. broad: 
outer bracts of the Involuere mostly 4, spatulate Mu Bu exceeding the 
s _ rays : disk-corollas orange, 5-lobed: achene small body 4—5.5 
, bla ck, cuneate, thiekish, tuberculate or nearly smooth, hairy, the 
us an nd t short M erect-ba dus d —Swamps, rx hare and low 
wo pap various ps un Ala. to Tex., Mich., Mass., and N. C.—Lat ate sum.— 
fall. 
8. B. cernua L. Stem 2-7 dm. tall, n n green, nearly glabrous; the 
a uis very short, decreasing down the leaf-blades undivided, 6-16 
long, lanceolate or linear- Tanceolate more or E connate by the broad 
bases s, acuminate, serrate with coarse distant teeth: heads very d broader 
than high, nodding in fruit: outer bracts of the involucre 7-8, unequal, ex- 
ceeding the disk and spreading: rays usually present, bright-yellow, the ligules 
