OTTIMA TERN Ee Sl) RT NISUS TT E S 
156 DR. R. R. GATES: A STUDY OF NORTH AMERICAN 
Said to be nearly related to A. elegans, but distinguished by the oblanceolate 
leaves and the dicecious flowers. 
14. TOXICOSCORDION, Rydberg. 
1. TOXICOSCORDION VENENOSUM (S Wats.), Rydb. 
T. venenosum, Rydb. in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xxx. (1903) 272. 
Zigad. venenosus, S. Wats. in Proc. Am. Acad. xiv. (1879) 279. 
Z. Nuttallii, S. Wats. partim, in Bot. King’s Exped. v. (1871) 343. 
British Columbia to California. Not east of Wyoming. The type may 
be considered to come from Monterey Co., Calif. Watson's description 
included plants from the Coast Range and also from the Sierra Nevada. 
These belong to distinct species, and the Monterey Co. locality is selected 
merely because mentioned first. hat the Sierran species is distinct 
is proven by specimens of the flowers shown me by Dr. H. M. Hall. The 
flowers of the latter are much smaller, and the stamens exserted beyond the 
petals. 
2. TOXICOSCORDION INTERMEDIUM, Rydb. 
T. intermedium, Rydb. in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xxx. (1903) 272, pl. 13. f. 2. 
T. gramineum, Rydb. 7. c. xxx. (1903) 272. 
Zigadenus intermedius, Rydb. l. c. xxvii. (1900) 535. 
Z. gramineus, Rydb. l. c. 
Z. venenosus, var. ambiguus, M. E. Jones, in Contrib. West. Bot. xii. (1908) 77. 
Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, and Utah. 
Rydberg now considers (l. c. xxxix. 109, 1912) that T. gramineum cannot 
be separated from 7. intermedium, being a dry hill state of the same with 
smaller flowers and narrower leaves. It is doubtful if this species can be 
separated from T. venenosum. 
3. TOXICOSCORDION ACUTUM, Rydb. 
T. acutum, Rydb. in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xxx. (1903) 272. 
Zigadenus acutus, Rydb. l c. xxvii. (1900) 536. 
South Dakota. A 
This is said by Rydberg to be easily distinguished from T. venenosum by 
*the acute short-clawed petals and sepals, which are both cuneate at 
the base." The species is apparently not well marked. 
4. "l'OXICOSCORDION SALINUM (A. Nelson), comb. nov. 
Zigadenus salinus, A, Nelson, in Coult. Bot. Gazette, liv. (1912) 406. 
Idaho. 
This species is near to 7. venenosum and T. intermedium, but has globose 
bulbs and small glands. Tt lives in alkali-bog lands. 
