318 MR. H. W. PUGSLEY : A REVISION OF THE 
The short racemes of minute flowers seen in var. conferta are not unlike 
those of F. Schrammii, which is treated as a separate species, but its fruit 
characters seem to bring it to F. Vaillantii, with which it also agrees in the 
form of the corolla-spur. 
The specific type, peculiar chiefly for the distant and sparing leaflets noted 
by its earliest describers, looks widely different from well-marked examples 
of var. Chavinii, not only in foliage but also in its slenderer and more 
branching habit, its differently coloured corolla with apparently a more 
ascending spur, and its distinctly broader fruits. But Haussknecht’s remarks 
that various intermediates are to be found seems correct from the evidence 
of dried material, and this renders it difficult to define the two forms as 
distinct species. 
The variety venetica is most closely related to var, Chavinii, which it 
resembles in habit and foliage. These features, combined with its broad 
fruits, somewhat recall those of F, officinalis, and it might be confused with 
the small-flowered varieties of this Species on a cursory examination. 
Fumaria Vaillantii is one of the most widely distributed species of the 
genus, extending from Spain across Europe to the Altai Mountains of 
Central Asia and to the Indian frontier. In Kurope it appears to be less 
plentiful in the Mediterranean region than in the central portions of the 
Continent, while in Asia it occurs from the Aigean to Beloochistan, 
Afghanistan and Kashmir, as well as further north from the Caspian 
eastwards to Chinese Songaria. Ledebour’s specimens at Kew from the 
Altai Mountains are a mixture of this species and F. Schleicheri. 
The occurrence of F. Vaillantii in North Africa and the Canaries, though 
reported by both Hammar and Haussknecht, seems open to doubt. It is 
indeed recorded by Ball for one Moroccan station (Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. 
p. 214 (1878)), but Battandier & Trabut (FI. de l'Algérie, p. 29) remark that 
they have not seen this species from Algeria, and Munby's Algerian 
specimens at Kew under this name belong to F. parviflora. More recently, 
however, a Tunisian habitat has been reported by Murbeek. (Contr. FI. 
Nord-Ouest. Afrique, p. 5 (1897)). The examples from the Canaries similarly 
named, both in Herb. Kew and Herb. Mus. Brit., are referable to Z. parviflora. 
The specific type, originally described by Loiseleur from a French plant, 
seems to be chiefly found in Western Europe on the calcareous soils of 
France and Britain. It also grows in the Tyrol (Hb. Kew D), in Albania 
(Hb. Kew !), in Asia Minor (Hieropolis, Haussk. in Hb. Mus. Brit. !), and 
in Persia (Teheran, Kotschy, in Hb. Kew!) ; while still further east a 
similar form, sometimes with broader sepals, prevails, which is represented by 
the exsiccata Jacquemont, No. 723, Kashmir, in Herb. Kew! and Aitchison, 
No. 210, Kurrum Valley, Afghanistan, in Herb. Kew, as 7. parviflora ! 
The variety Chavinii, which is not confined to caleareous ground, appears 
from herbarium material to be the prevalent form, though not always equally 
