120 MR. C. C. LACAITA : A REVISION OF 
Linneano non exstat. — eium lusitanicum Milleri et synonymon Tournefortii 
hujus loci sunt fide herbariorum." (Exactly contrary to the fact.) “ Expur- 
gatur itaque Æ. lusitanicum ex Systemate. Nostram plantam esse X. planta- 
gineum Linn. litteris confermavit cl. Smith." Yes; Smith's letter may 
indeed have confirmed that Link’s specimen was Æ. plantagineum, but that 
has no bearing on the identity of X. lusitanicum, L.!! Tt is also possible 
that some specimen of Boerhaave's may have led Link or Smith to fancy that 
E. lusitanicum was identical with plantagineum. Among Boerhaave’s plants 
in Herb. Sloane, vol. 321, p. 63, there is a piece of plantagineum labelled 
“ Anchusa lusitanica non descripta.” — Link's erroneous statement * ££, lusi- 
tanieum in herbario Linneano non exstat" has been handed down to later 
authors and never corrected until now. Even Lehmann says * Æ. lusitanicum 
deest in herbario Linneano, quod Smith in litteris," and the error has been 
accepted by de Coincy in a MS. note to the specimen of E. polycaulon in his 
herbarium, and by Coutinho in Borag. Port. l. c. (suprà, p. 415). 
If the arguments I have adduced are not considered sufficiently convincing 
to justify the use of the name lusitanicum, L., in the sense of E. Broteri, Samp., 
the only alternative will be to make use of Sampaio's appellation and. to 
reject altogether the Linnean name as a nomen confusum, for there is no 
other meaning that can be assigned to it. 
(IV.) ECHIUM PLANTAGINEUM is well represented by specimens C, D, E, 
which are quite typical. The mark * A 39 " on specimen D indicates that it 
came from one of Linnzus’s correspondents whose name began with A, 
perhaps Alströmer, who collected in lands where Æ. plantagineum is plentiful. 
Smith's query is accounted for by a specimen from Hort. Paris in Herb. 
Banks, now at Mus. Brit., which though certainly plantagineum was wrongly 
labelled orientale by Solander. Moris, who inspected the Linnean herbarium, 
says of this specimen in Fl. Sard. iii. p. 128 * FE. orientale H. B. sie in Linn. ! 
herbario, non a Linno, aliena manu inscriptum, pertinet ad Æ. plantagineum.” 
Specimen E was collected by Lófling, as indicated by the mark “ L. 152," 
and therefore came from Spain or Portugal. 
This is the only Linnean species besides E. vulgare that cannot give 
rise to any doubts. The description of the bracts and of the radical leaves 
and the reference to Barrelier, ic. 1026, are sufficient to establish its identity. 
Among other distinctive characters it possesses two that are particularly 
useful, because easily verified in incomplete herbarium specimens and not 
found combined in any other species. (1) The indumentum of the leaves is 
not dimorphous or composed, as in most kinds, of a carpet of short softish 
hairs above which longer scattered bristles project, but of bristly hairs alone. 
more or less tuberculate at the base according to the age and habitat of the 
plant. (2) The corolla is of a peculiar thin texture, not externally pubescent 
or velvety all over, but glabrous, with hairs on the nerves only and more or 
