Cassia. | XLVII, § CASALPINIEH (OLIVER). 275 
Tropics both in Asia and America, though probably only truly native in the latter. It 
is likely to turn up in Tropical Africa as an introduced or perhaps naturalized species. 
11.* C. levigata, Willd.; Walp. Rep. i. 816. A glabrous shrub, 
with terete green erect branches, attaining 6-10 ft.; leaflets in 3-4 
oie membranous, the upper larger, varying from ovate-oblong to 
anceolate, finely acuminate, the larger from 2}—4 in. in length ; petio- 
lules 1 line; common petiole 4-5 in., channelled, glabrous, with 
oblong or cylindrical interpetiolular glands; basal gland 0. Stipules 
linear deciduous. Flowers glabrous, similar to those of OC. occidentalis, 
in pedunculate axillary corymbose erect racemes, much shorter than 
the leaves. Bracts caducous. Legumes erect, thinly coriaceous or 
chartaceous, terete, smooth, glabrous, obtuse, apiculate, 3-3} in. long, 
about 4 in. in diameter, fates dehiscent in 2 valves. Seeds horizontal, 
shining. Embryo as in C. occidentalis ——Collad. Hist. Cass. t. 5. 
Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, 7. Vogel! Fernando Po, T. Vogel! Mann! 
A Tropical American species, probably not indigenous in Africa. It is recorded from 
Australia, but doubtfully native there according to Mr. Bentham. 
12. ©. Tora, Linn.; Walp. Rep. i. 817. Stem annual, erect or 
ascending, terete or nearly so, glabrous or thinly pilose or pubescent, 
attaining 2-3 ft. Leaflets in 2 or 3 pairs, obovate or obovate-oblong, 
obtuse, mucronate, thinly subappressed-pilose or glabrous, varying 
from 3-14 or 2 in. in length ; petiolules very short. Common petiole 
pubescent or nearly glabrous, with conspicuous narrow-cylindrical 
glands between at least the lower pinne. Stipules subulate, or nar- 
row-linear. Flowers usually in pairs or solitary, axillary, with or without 
a short common peduncle; pedicels ?—-1 in. long, in fruit stout ascend- 
ing. Sepals unequal, obtuse. Petals obovate, shortly clawed. Anterior 
anthers enlarged and usually distinctly obtusely produced at the apex. 
Legumes elongate, curved, narrow-linear, 4—8 in. long, 4—} in. broad, 
oblong-quadrate in section ; valves separating, marked internally with 
the oblique transverse partial septa. Seeds arranged lengthwise, their 
larger diameter parallel with the valves, rhomboidal or obliquely ob- 
long ; cotyledons plicate in transverse section.—C. obtusifolia, Linn., 
Walp. Rep. l.c. Chamefistula contorta, Don, Gen. Syst. ii. 452. Cassia 
contorta, Vog., Walp. Rep. i. 816. 
Widely diffused in Tropical Africa, as indeed through the Tropics generally. Accord- 
ing to T. Vogel the stem occasionally becomes arborescent in Guinea. 
13. *C. alata, Linn. ; DC. Prod. ii. 492. An erect glabrous or sub- 
glabrous shrub of 3-8 ft.; stem terete, smooth, glabrous, or minutely 
puberulous. Leaves from 1-2 or 3 ft. in length, rachis acutely mar- 
gined above when dry, glandular with a prominent transverse ridge con- 
necting the opposite loaflets ; leaflets in 9-12 pairs, very broadly a] 
elliptic-oblong or the upper larger leaflets obovate-elliptical, rounde 
above and very obtuse or retuse, mucronate, base oblique truncate or 
subcordate at least as to the lower margin, glabrous, firmly membranous ; 
the larger leaflets varying from 3~7 in. in length, subsessile or petio- 
lules 1 line. Stipules obliquely triangular, acute, broad-based, persis- 
Te 
