8 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 
DERMATOCARPACEAE. 
Thallus foliaceous or squamulose, both surfaces or only the upper with a pseudo- 
membranaceous cortex, attached centrally by a basal disk or basal rhizine, or by the 
medullary hyphe to the substratum; with Palmella gonidia; perithecium simple, 
with a punctiform, vertical aperture (ostiolum); spermatia endobasidial. 
KEY TO GENERA. 
Thecium without hymenial gonidia, spores simple......... DERMATOCARPON (p. 8). 
Thecium with hymenial gonidia, spores muriform ......... ENbDOocARPON (p. 9). 
DERMATOCARPON Eschw. 
Thallus foliaceous or squamulose; perithecium tubular or ovoid, dark or pallid, 
sunken in the thallus or slightly protruding; paraphyses gelatinous and ill defined; 
spores colorless, simple; sterigma minute, spermatia oblong, straight. 
KEY TO SPECIES. 
Thallus foliaceous. 
Monophyllous, large ............2.2.2........... 4, D. miniatum, 
Polyphyllous, the folia small..............0..2.. da. D. miniatum complicatum. 
Thallus not foliaceous. 
Thallus squamose. 
Squame lobed to deeply incised, brown...... 1. D. rufescens. 
Squamee round to flexuose, brown. .......... 2. D. hepaticum., 
Thallus more or less bullate. as 
Bullate in the center, the peripheral squamee 
expanding. ............0.........2.-. o. D. intestiniforme. 
Subverruculose-bullate, dark brown.......... 3. D. acarosporoides. 
1. Dermatocarpon rufescens (Ach.) Zahlbr, in Engl. & Prantl. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 
1'*: 60. 1907. 
Endocarpon rufescens Ach. Lich. Univ. 304. 1810. 
Thallus of reddish brown squamie, lobed, often deeply incised, the margin gen- 
erally everted and dark granulose; above a thin, brown, pseudoparenchymatous 
cortex, beneath this thick, closely jointed, vertical hyphe descending into and through 
the gonidial layer, merging into the cellular medullary layer; lower surface ecorticate; 
apothecia, when present, one or more in a squamule, generally from 3 to 6 (indicated 
by a darkened spot), with minute apertures; asci lanceolate and clavate; spores 
ellipsoid, 13 to 16 4 long, 5 to 8 # thick, often containing 1 to 3 oil globules; para- 
physes not present; hymenial gelatine stained bronze copper color with iodine, 
KHO giving no reaction; plant often dicecious, many squamules being without 
apothecia, but spermogones frequent, seen on section as small, light flesh-colored 
globules under the cortex; spermatia minute, oblong, 4 # long and about 1 « thick, 
Common on earth in open places throughout our district. Near San Bernardino, 
Parish; Santa Cruz Peninsula, Herre, and frequent in the Santa Monica Range. New 
England States; Europe; northern Africa. 
2. Dermatocarpon hepaticum (Ach.) T. Fries. 
Squamules flat, not turned up at the edges, round or roundish to flexuous; asci 
oblong, 72 to 92 4 long, 15 to 18 y» thick, upper part of membrane thickened, cover- 
ing the cavity calyptra-like; ascus membrane not stained by iodine, but its contents 
and spores staining a reddish orange to dark copper color and the hymenial gelatine 
vinous red; spores 8, oval-ellipsoid, 11 to 14 # long, 7 to 10 # thick. 
Same habitat as the preceding and about as frequent. North America and Europe. 
