HASSE—LICHEN FLORA OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. 93 
lose; paraphyses indistinct (not well defined); asci pyriform, the membrane thickened 
above; spores 6 to 8, oblong-ovoid, 21 to 27 y long, 10 to 15 # thick, muriform, color- 
less, with 6 transverse septa and 2 or 3 in the longitudinal spore axis, one or both 
end cells divided into 2 or 3 triangular cells; spermogones marked by a minute black 
projection; sterigma simple, straight; spermatia acicular, straight, 6 to 8 » long and’ 
about | » thick; with iodine the ascus membrane staining vinous red, the spores yellow, 
the other thecial structures blue. 
Santa Catalina Island on California holly; also on the mainland (Santa Monica 
Mountains) on the same host and on wild walnut. 
2. Arthothelium taediosum Nyl. 
Thallus smooth, thin, white to light grayish, limited by an indistinct black line, 
KHO-+yellow, Ca(ClO).—; apothecia black, innate, irregularly substellate or oblong- 
roundish in outline, when moistened a little erumpent and under the lens internally 
reddish brown; paraphyses not sharply defined; asci pyriform, 56 to 68 4 by 24 to 48 p, 
the upper part thickened; spores 6 to 8, muriform, colorless, oblong-ellipsoid, 24 to 
2 » long, 11 to 15 « thick, with transverse septa and 2 or 3 in the long spore axis, 
the extreme cells divided into 2 or 3 parts; reaction with iodine blue, the ascus mem- 
brane pale vinous red, the spores yellow. 
In the Santa Monica Mountains on bark of Platanus racemosa, also on Juglans cali- 
fornica and Heteromeles arbutifolia, on Rhus diversiloba, at Highland Park near Pasadena. 
3. Arthothelium pruinascens Zahlbr. Bull. Torrey Club 27: 646. 1900. 
Thallus sordid whitish, rugulose, determinate but irregularly spreading; apothecia 
innate to sessile, white-pruinose, round to oblong, flat; paraphyses not sharply defined; 
thecium light yellowish brownish, about 80 high; asci balloon-shaped, 72 to 75 p 
long, 36 »: thick, the upper part much thickened; hypothecium yellow; spores in 8’s, 
colorless, broadly oblong-ellipsoid, muriform, 18 to 22 4 long, 7 to 12 » thick; trans- 
verse septa 7 with 3 or 4 in the long spore axis; iodine staining epithecium, thecium, 
and hypothecium a deep blue, the ascus membrane pale vinous red and the spores 
yellow. 
Type locality Sepulveda Canyon, Santa Monica Mountains. On Malvasirum fas- 
ciculatum. Occasionally also on the bark of Ceanothus divaricatus and other barks. 
4. Arthothelium sanguineum (Willey) Zablbr. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzen- 
fam. 1'*3 91. 1907. 
Arthonia sanguinea Willey, Syn. Arth. 22. 1890. 
Thallus milk white, effuse, subfurfuraceous, epiphlcodal, KHO +-yellow, Ca(ClO),—; 
apothecia appressed, dark red brown, convex, erumpent, round or oblong, in the 
juvenile state white pruinose; epithecium sordid yellowish; thecium about 60 
high; hypothecium colorless; asci pyriform with a thick membrane, 40 to 52 « long, 
20 to 24 » thick; spores colorless, ovoid-oblong, 20 to 30 » long, 14 to 20 thick; 
reaction with iodine blue, the spores pale scarlet; spermogones marked by a black 
punctiform projection, sterigma short, straight; spermatia staff-shaped, straight, 6 to 
10 » Jong, 1 y thick. 
5. Arthothelium anastomosans (Ach.) Nyl. 
Thallus white or silvery gray, smooth or lightly rugulose, epiphleodal, determinate, 
in rounded patches without a black hypothalline border; apothecia small, black, 
innate, irregularly stellate or indistinctly radiate, epruinose or finely white pruinose 
at the margin; epithecium yellowish brown, not granulose; thecium 48 to 52 # high, 
colorless or with a faint yellow hue; paraphyses not sharply defined; hypothecium 
coloriess; asci balloon-shaped, 40 long, 36 /« thick, the upper part of membrane thick- 
ened; spores in 8’s, ovoid, colorless, muriform, 18 to 22 # long, 9 » thick, mostly with 5 
transverse septa and 8 faint ones in the long spore axis, the end cells irregularly 
