HASSE—LICHEN FLORA OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, 47 
similar in color to the epithecium; asci clavate and inflated-clavate; spores in 8’s, 
ovoid-ellipsoid, 11 to 16 # long, 5 to 6 » thick. “Spermatia minute, straight, affixed 
to subsimple sterigma” (Nyl.). 
On earth, widely distributed throughout our territory; San Bernardino Mountains, 
Parish; near Palm Springs, where it is quite abundant. North America; northern 
Europe; northern Africa; Asia and Oceania. 
40 Lecidea crenata (Taylor) Nyl. 
Thallus consisting of thick, roundish squamules, pink to flesh-colored and brownish, 
at the central point of adherence concave, depressed at the circumference, from 1 to 6 
mm. wide, beneath white; apothecia sessile, extremely marginal, from one to several 
on a squamule, 0.25 to 0.5 mm. in diameter, the disk purplish black to black, the 
at first reddish brown margin soon excluded; epithecium yellowish brown; thecium 
colorless; paraphyses stout, adglutinate; hypothecium of the same color as or some- 
times paler than the epithecium; asci inflated-clavate; spores in 8’s, ellipsoid, 9 to 
14 » long, 4 to 5 » thick; thecium with iodine blue, soon changing to brown. 
With the last preceding species on earth in exposed situations and apparently as 
widely distributed. At the foot of Tauquitz Canyon, Palm Springs, Dudley, (com- 
municated by Herre); Slover Mount, Parish; Elsinore. 
The forma dealbata Tuck. is a state with whitened thallus. Occasionally with 
the species. 
41. Lecidea rubiformis Wahlenb. 
Thallus of smooth, glistening, erect or suberect, closely imbricated squamules, 
Jarge, 4 to 8mm. wide, dun or pale fawn color, paler at the margin and beneath, wavy, 
entire, subcrenate or lobulate; apothecia central, sessile, purplish black to black, 
globular, immarginate, not seldom conglomerate, epithecium brown; paraphyses 
closely coherent; the entire thecium sordid light brown; hypothecium brown; asci 
clavate; spores in 8’s, round-ellipsoid, 10 to 12 » long, 6 » thick; spermatia short, 
straight, 6 to 7 « long and barely 1 y thick. 
On earth in crevices of rocks, Tehachapi Mountains at 1,650 meters altitude. Arctic 
North America; Colorado; Europe. 
’ 
42. Lecidea rufonigra (Tuck.) 
Biatora rufonigra Tuck. Syn. N. Amer. Lich. 2: 11. 1888. 
Thallus of small (0.25 to 0.75 mm. wide) squamules, these approximate, subimbri- 
cate, brown, convex or now and then flat and undulating, with finely crenulate and 
thick, gray, pulverulent and blackening margin, beneath dark; apothecia sessile, 
numerous, 0.25 to 1 mm. in diameter; disk dark brown to black with a grayish, crenu- 
late margin to convex and immarginate; epithecium brown, continuous; thecium 
40 » high; paraphyses coherent, some with globular brown heads; hypothecium 
colorless; asci clavate; spores in 8’s, 6 to 10 y long, 4 # thick; hymenial gelatine with 
iodine blue. 
On quartz, Verdugo near Los Angeles; at Elsinore on sandstone. Throughout 
North America. 
43. Lecidea scotopholis (Tuck.) Herre, Proc. Washington Acad. Sci. 12: 80. 1910. 
Biatora scotopholis Tuck. Lich. Calif. 24. 1866. 
Thallus crustaceous-squamulose, dark brown black; hypothallus black; squamules 
mostly convex, more or less glistening, their finely crenulate border often whitish; 
potassium hydrate and calcium chloride giving no change; apothecia of medium size, 
closely sessile; disk flat, dull black with a paler, grayish margin, this at last obscured 
by the more convex disk; epithecium pale brown; thecium 40 to 44 » high, staining 
blue with iodine; spores ovoid-ellipsoid, 8 to 11 » long, 4 to 5 yu thick. 
On quartzose rocks. Los Gatos, Herre; Yosemite Valley, Santa Catalina Island, 
and throughout the higher ranges of the southern California mountains. 
