a ae 
80 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 
2. Parmeliella microphylla (Swartz) Muell. Arg. 
Thallus of light yellowish gray, imbricated, crenate-dentate and lobulate squamules 
1 to 2 mm. wide; apothecia biatorine, sessile, from 0.25 to 1 mm. wide; disk flat, 
light brick to reddish-colored with a paler margin, at last convex; epithecium con- 
tinuous, pale straw color; thecium 112 y» high, colorless or faint yellowish tinted 
especially the lower part; paraphyses septate, not well defined, loosely coherent, 
some forked below the tops, clavate above; hypothecium straw color; asci clavate; 
spores oblong-ellipsoid, simple, colorless, 14 to 20 » long, 5 to 8 # thick; hymenial 
gelatine blue with iodine. 
On earth and in earth-covered crevices of rocks, Santa Monica Range. Eastern and 
southern United States; South America (Chile) and Europe. 
The forma californica of Tuckerman differs only in the larger size of the spores, the 
largest being 24 by 9. It is found in the Santa Monica and San Gabriel ranges (Rubio 
Canyon). 
3. Parmeliella lepidiota (Sommerf.) Herre, Proc, Washington Acad. Sci. 12: 150. 
1910. 
Lecidea carnosa lepidiota Sommerf. Suppl. F1. Lapp. 174. 1826. 
Thallus squamulose, light grayish greenish to chocolate color; squamules about 
2mm. wide, closely imbricated, crenate and lobulate, light gray at the border, beneath 
whitish, the hypothallus indistinct; apothecia often crowded, sessile, biatorine, 0.5 
to 1.5 mm. wide, the disk dull brick red, from flat with a distinct lighter colored 
margin becoming convex and immarginate; epithecium continuous, pale yellowish 
brown, 80 to 116 » high; paraphyses coherent, stout, septate, slightly clavate at apices; 
asci cylindric or clavate, extending to the epithecium; spores 8, colorless, ellipsoid, 
simple, 18 to 20. ft long, 7 to 9 » thick; hymenial gelatine stained blue with iodine 
except ; a nafrow rim of epithecium, this retaining its natural color, no change with 
KHO/ thallus pseudoparenchymatous throughout, the gonidia Nostoc. 
_On earth and in crevices of earth-covéred rocks. Santa Cruz Mountains, Herre; 
Santa Monica Range. Western and northern North America, England, and Scotland. 
The variety coralliphora of authors has theAsquamules changed to a dense coralloid 
mass, the fruiting as in the species. It occurs from the Santa Cruz Peninsula, Herre, 
south to the Santa Monica Range. 
The variety cyanolepra of authors has the thallus composed of coarse blue gray 
granules, the apothecia unknown. It has the same range with the species. 
4. Parmeliella sonomensis (Tuck.). 
Pannariasonomensis Tuck. Syn. N. Amer. Lich. 1: 126. 1882. 
Thallus brownish olive green, of discrete, linear, parted lobes upon a black hypothal- 
lus; apothecia minute, lecanorine, sessile, the disk dark; spores fusiform, simple, 
curved, 20 to 30 » long, 3 » thick. 
On granite, Yosemite Valley; on trap, Topanga Canyon in Santa Monica Range at 
270 meters altitude. 
PLACYNTHIUM (Ach.) Harm. 
Thallus crustaceous-areolate, coralline to microsquamulose; hypothallus blue black 
or obsolete; apothecia sessile, lecideine or biatorine; paraphyses thick, not branched, 
septate and darkened at the tips; asci clavate, 8-spored; spores oblong to ovoid- 
ellipsoid, parallel 3 to 9-locular. 
KEY TO SPECIES. 
Apothecia black; thallus coralloid-squamulose........ ... 1. P. nigrum. 
Apothecia purplish black; thallus microphylline......... 2. P. microphyllizum, 
