90 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 
epithecium; with KHO the epithecium turning violet purple. On section the 
entire hymenium appears black to the unaided eye, this distinguishing it from exter- 
nally similar lichens. ; 
On various rocks. San Diego, Cleveland; Del Mar; Santa Catalina Island; Topanga 
Canyon in the Santa Monica Range. Throughout the United States, and from the 
Arctic Regions to Mexico. Europe; Africa; western Asia. 
8. Lecanora subfusca (L.) Ach. 
Thallus whitish to light ash color, coarsely granulate, verruculose or also becoming 
rimose-areolate, generally determinate, KHO-+-yellow, Ca(ClO),—; apothecia numer- 
ous, crowded or scattered, sessile, from 0.5 to 1.25 mm. wide; disk from plane soon 
convex, rusty brown, with an entire, permanent thalline margin; epithecium light 
sordid reddish brown, continuous or subcontinuous; thecium colorless or faintly 
tinged by the fading color of the epithecium, 60 to 80 « high; paraphyses strict, com- 
pacted, scarcely thickened at the colorless or barely tinged tips; hypothecium color-' 
less; asci clavate; spores 8, ellipsoid, 12 to 18 « long, 7 to 10 » thick; hymenial gelatine 
blue with iodine. 
On various barks; common. San Bernardino, Parish, and throughout our district. 
The species is quite variable and a number of forms are described. The variety 
campestris Nyl. has the thallus rougher, dirty white, the disk brown and darker to 
dusky black. On rocks, frequent. In the variety argentata Ach. the thallus is thin, 
smooth, white, the apothecia dark brown, smaller than in the species, the thalline 
margin entire. On bark and dead wood, Santa Catalina Island, Baker; Santa Cruz 
Peninsula, Herre; Santa Monica Range. 
8a. Lecanora subfusca distans (Ach.) Nyl. 
Thallus thin, smooth to finely granulate, determinate, ashy gray with a thin, black 
hypothalline border, or indistinct on rough barks, KHO+ greenish yellow, Ca(ClO),—; 
apothecia sessile, 0.5 to 1.25mm. wide; disk flat to lightly convex, pale grayish buff 
with a faint bloom, and with a thin, permanent, finely crenulate thalline margin, becom- 
ing flexuose from crowding; epithecium subgranulose, dingy pale yellowish white; 
thecium 80 to 112 y high, colorless; paraphyses coherent; hypothecium colorless; 
spores oblong-ellipsoid, 15 to 18 « long, 8 to 10 » thick, with one or two oil globules; 
hymenial gelatine with iodine blue, particularly upper part of thecium and asci a 
dull reddish purple, turning sordid brown. 
On various smooth barks. Santa Monica and San Gabriel Ranges; at Del Mar. 
9. Lecanora pacifica Tuck. 
Thallus whitish, continuous, granulose-verrucose, the hypothallus black; with KHO 
thallus and thalline margin staining yellow, the disk not affected by Ca(ClO).; apothecia 
sessile, 0.5 to 2.25 mm. wide; disk flat, pale greenish or buff, in color not unlike 
Lecanora varia, or becoming grayish green to blackish, with a faint bloom; the whitish 
lecanorine margin elevated, thick, persistent, radiately incised-crenate; in general 
outward appearance the apothecia similar to those both of Lecanora varia and L. 
pallida, partaking of the form of the latter and the coloration (disk) of the former; 
epithecium continuous or finely granulose, sulphur color or light grayish brownish; 
thecium 72 to 80 4 high, colorless or sordid, of lighter shade than the epithecium; 
paraphyses slender, adglutinate; hypothecium similar to the thecium in color; asci 
subinflated-clavate, almost equaling the thecium in height; spores 8, ovoid-ellipsoid, 
11 to 17 « long, 6 to 9 » thick; hymenial gelatine with iodine deep blue, the spores a 
pale straw color, KHO giving no reaction. 
On barks near San Diego, Orcutt; on various barks in the Santa Monica range and 
doubtless throughout our district, but easily overlooked and mistaken for other 
Lecanorae. 
