HASSE—LICHEN FLORA OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. 115 
Crust composed of turgid, scattered or contiguous, round squamules, angular and 
difform from juxtaposition, KHO-+ dark crimson; apothecia sessile, 0.5 to .6 mm. 
wide; disk of the color of the thallusor orange, concave to finally lightly convex, undu- 
late and at times umbilicately depressed in the center, KHO-+ deep orange; proper 
margin paler than the disk; thalline margin obscure but perceptible under the rim of 
the apothecium; epithecium subcontinuous, yellowish orange; thecium colorless, 76 
to 80 » high, with iodine blue, but the epithecium not changed; paraphyses loosely 
coherent, clavate with round, yellow orange heads; hypothecium colorless, milky; 
asci clavate and subinflated-clavate; spores 8, oblong, bluntly ellipsoid, 13 to 16 yu 
long, 5 to 6 » thick, polari-bilocular with an isthmus; hymenial gelatine with KHO 
crimson; spermatia 2 to 4 » long, less than 1 «# thick. 
On sandstone and clay. Common on plains and in the foothills. 
10. Caloplaca murorum (Hoffm.) T. Fries. 
Crust from vitelline yellow to orange, orbicular, closely appressed, rimose-verrucu- 
lose in the center, toward the circumference radiately lobed, the radii contiguous, the 
peripheral border crenate-lobed, flattening, dilated and paler in color; upper surface 
of thallus with KHO purple, the lower surface not stained; apothecia crowded in 
central part, sessile, 0.25 to 1 mm. wide; disk concolorous with the thallus, flat; 
thalline margin thin, entire, persistent; epithecium granulose, orange yellow; thecium 
colorless, 80 high; paraphyses laxly coherent, the globose, yellow tips with several 
jointed enlargements beneath, some paraphyses furcate under the tips; asci clavate, 
the membrane thickened at the top; spores 8, ellipsoid, 11 to 13 » long, 4 to 7 » thick, 
polari-bilocular; hymenial gelatine blue with iodine. 
Frequent. On various rocks, from the foothills ascending the mountains to about 
1,500 meters; Santa Catalina Island. Widespread from the northern United States 
to arctic America; Africa and Europe. 
With us the forma miniata (Hoffm.) T. Fries of authors, with dark orange thallus 
prevails, the typical plant, with vitelline yellow thallus being rare. 
11. Caloplaca elegans (Link) T. Fries. 
Thallus orbicular, the color a dark orange approaching vermilion, loosely appressed 
to rugulose-turgid, the discrete radiating lacinize lobate-crenate at the periphery, the 
center confusedly verrucose, KHO+ purple; apothecia sessile, the size of those of 
C. murorum; disk from flat to planoconvex, concolorous with the thallus; thalline 
margin thin, entire, at last almost disappearing, KHO-+ purple; epithecium subcon- 
tinuous, rich yellow; thecium 64 to 68 » high, colorless, in places yellow streaked from 
the epithecium; paraphyses strict, coherent, clavate above, septate and surmounted 
by a faint yellowish head; hypothecium faint yellowish; asci inflated-clavate; spores 
8, ellipsoid, 12 to 14 » long, 5 to 7 » thick, polari-bilocular, the isthmus faint or absent; 
thecium and epithecium deep violet blue with iodine; spermatia straight, less than 1 « 
thick. 
Crystalline rocks in the mountains above 1,500 meters, here taking the place of the 
preceding plant. 
San Bernardino Mountains, Parish; in the San Gabriel and San Jacinto Ranges. 
Northern United States to the arctic regions; northern Asia; Abyssinia; Europe; New 
Zealand. 
The color of the form miniata of C. murorum is so similar to that of the present 
species that a first glance may be deceiving. 
12. Caloplaca pellodella (Nyl.). 
Lecanora pellodella Nyl. Act. Soc. Sci. Fenn. 26: 29. 1899. 
Thallus dark olive green, squamulose, forming small, irregularly orbiculate patches; 
disk of apothecia concolorous with the thallus; spores 8, 10 to 11 y long, 5 to 6 u thick, 
polari-bilocular; epithecium purplish with KHO. 
