MAXON—STUDIES OF TROPICAL AMERICAN FERNS. 173 
the last named of the original 13 species, as the type of the genus. 
Fixing its type as @. rufa, Gymnogramma becomes an exact synonym 
of Gymnopteris, published some 12 years earlier, and therefore 
need not concern us further. The group of species illustrated by 
G. fleruosa must probably bear the name Psilogramme Kuhn. The 
rest of the original species of Gymnogramma are divided among 
Gymnopteris, Trismeria, Anogramma, Ceterach, Psilogramme, and 
the genera commonly known as Coniogramme and Ceropteris. 
The genus Gymnogramme of Hooker and Baker included many 
additional elements, which need not here be recapitulated. 
CEROPTERIS AND PITYROGRAMMA. 
It has been customary in recent years to refer the Acrostichum 
calomelanos of Linneus and a few species of unmistakably close 
alliance (all of them long known as species of Gymnogramma) to 
Ceropteris, a genus proposed long ago by Link and restored by Under- 
wood in 1902. Ceropteris dates from 1841; and the fact that Link 
had published the genus Pityrogramma in 1833,' applying the name 
to precisely the same group of species, seems to have been wholly 
overlooked. There is no valid reason why Pityrogramma should not 
displace Ceropteris. Two species are listed by Link: Pityrogramma 
chrysophylla Link (Acrostichum chrysophyllum Swartz) and P. calo- 
mela [sic] Link (Acrostichum calomelanos L.). The first of these will 
stand as the type of genus. The other North American species dis- 
tinguished by Underwood, omitting unnecessary synonymy, are: 
Pityrogramma triangularis (Kaulf.) Maxon. 
Gymnogramma triangulare Kaulf. Enum. Fil. 73. 1824. 
Pityrogramma viscosa (D. C. Eaton) Maxon. 
Gymnogramme triangularis viscosa D. C. Eaton, Ferns N. Amer. 2: 16. 1880. 
Ceropteris viscosa Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 631. 1902. 
Pityrogramma tartarea (Cav.) Maxon. 
Acrostichum tartareum Cav. Descr. Pl. 242. 1801. 
Pityrogramma peruviana (Desv.) Maxon. 
Gymnogramma peruviana Desv. Ges. Naturf. Freund. Berlin Mag. 5: 329. 1811. 
Pityrogramma triangulata (Jenman) Maxon. 
Gymnogramma triangulata Jenman, Bull. Bot. Dept. Jamaica II. 4: 206. 1897. 
Pityrogramma sulphurea (Swartz) Maxon. 
Acrostichum sulphureum Swartz, Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. 129. 1788. 
To these must be added the following single species, which ranges 
from Costa Rica and Panama to Peru: 
Pityrogramma ferruginea (Kunze) Maxon. 
Gymnogramme ferruginea Kunze, Linnaea 9: 34, 1835. 
Gymnogramme bommeri Christ, Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 35: 237. 1896. 
Gymnopteris ferruginea Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 628. 1902. 
1 Link, Handb. Gewiichs. 3: 19. 1833. 
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