COOK—HABITS OF CACAO AND PATASHTE, 613 
stood as representing two of the three-branched whorls of patashte. 
But a greater specialization must be admitted if 5 be considered as 
the normal number of branches in cacao. 
The lateral branches of cacao are usually simple, at least at first, 
though afterwards producing many secondary laterals from axillary 
buds. In patashte the primary laterals often have a fork at the fifth 
or sixth internode from the base, as shown in plate 46. This forking 
results from the forcing of one of the axillary buds near the growing 
end of the branch, while the wood is still soft. The development of 
this bud appears to be almost simultaneous with that of the terminal, 
while buds of the other internodes remain dormant. The enlarge- 
ment of the new shoot bends the smaller joints of the primary branch 
away from it, thus forming an apparently dichotomous fork. Apart 
from these forks near the base, the lateral branches of the patashte 
are usually simple, the tendency to produce secondary laterals from 
dormant buds being much weaker than in cacao, this difference being 
connected, no doubt, with the fact that the patashte produces its 
inflorescences on the new growth of the lateral branches, while cacao 
does not. 
ARRANGEMENT OF LEAVES ON BRANCHES. 
Cacao and patashte have the same phyllotaxy, five-thirteenths on 
the upright shoots and one-half on the lateral branches. This means 
that there are 13 rows of leaves on the upright shoots, but only 2 rows 
on the lateral branches. The number 5 in the phyllotaxy represents 
the number of times that the leaf spiral encircles the stem in passing 
from any leaf to the next that is directly above it. But it is not 
obvious that the number of turns in the spiral could have any prac- 
tical relation to the number of branches developed to form a whorl. 
DIMORPHISM OF LEAVES. 
In connection with the dimorphism of branches there is a dimor- 
phism of leaves, the leaves of the upright shoots being consistently 
different from those of the lateral branches. In cacao the difference 
is not very striking, being apparent only in the greater lengths of the 
petioles on the upright shoots. Usually the petioles are about an 
inch long on the lateral branches and 3 to 4 inches long on the upright 
shoots (pls. 44,45). In patashte the disparity in lengths of petioles 
is much greater. With about the same length of 2.5 cm. for the 
petioles of the lateral branches, the leaves of upright shoots have 
petioles often attaining a length of 30 to 33 cm. (pls. 46, 47). 
Along with this disparity in lengths of the petioles of patashte 
there are differences in the sizes and shapes of the blades of the leaves, 
those of the upright shoots being of a more broadly oval or cordate 
form, while those of the lateral branches are more nearly ablong or 
elliptic (pl. 47). Furthermore, the leaves of the uprights have the 
