Betula,'] AMENTACEiE. 155 



Mr Kendal. Newfoundland, Miss Brentoju — The wood is remarked by the Crees to burn better in a green 

 state than that of any other tree. In other respects it is worthless. 



(The P. IcBvigata, Willd., received the name of Canadensis, from an idea that it was introduced into 

 France from Canada; but that is mere conjecture, and as I have never received specimens except from the 

 United States, I do not venture to introduce it. The P. monilifera, "Wats. Dendrol 1. 102, is a good repre- 

 sentation of this plant, and I strongly suspect that Michaux's plant of that name is no other. The female 

 flowers very much resemble those of JP. balsamifera, but the leaves are very different.) 



SuBORD. 11. Betuline^. RicJu 



3. BETULA. L. 



1. B. populifolia (Ait.); "foliis deltoidibus longe acnminatis inaequaliter serratis 

 glaben imis, amentis foem. cylindraceisj squamis lobis lateralibus oblongis, decurvo-falcatis, 

 intermedio breviori, petiolis glabris." HorL Kew, ed. I. u. 3. p. 336. Mich. N. Am. Sylv, 

 p.dl.t. 7^. PL Am. 2. p. 620. , 



Has. Canada. Ph. My own specimens of this are all from the United States ; and I confess that, except in 



the narrower and rather more compact female catkins, and the smaller scales (for the shape is the same in the 

 two). I cannot see how it differs from the European B. alba. The leaves arc the same in both. 



2. B.papyracea (Ait. HorL Kew. ed. \.p* 337.) ; foliis subcordato-ovatis brevi-acumi- 

 natis subsequaliter serratis subtus pimctatis glabris nunc ad axillas venarum hirsutis, 

 amentis fcemineis lato-cylindraceis, squamarum lobis lateralibus oblongis decurvo-falcatis 

 intermedio subbreviori. Ph. Am. 2. p. 621- 



Hab. Canada. (PA.) Lake Huron (i)/- Tot^t/) to lat. 65^ Dr Richardson. Drummond. Douglas 

 (who observes it is rare to the west of the Rocky Mountains).— Mr Drummond's specimens have only the male 

 catkins perfect, and no leaves. In my specimens from Dr Torrey (Massachusetts) the female catkins are 

 pendent, and the leaves are slightly downy beneath on the nerves, and have there, in the axils of the nerves, 

 generally a dense woolly tuft. My specimen from Atabasca, gathered by Douglas, has the female calkins 

 erect, the leaves quite glabrous, and the young branches rough with resinous warts. In all, the leaves are 

 dotted beneath, in consequence of copious resinous exudations. 



3. B. occidentalis ; ramis rufo-fuscis copiose resinoso-verrucosis, foliis late rhombeo- 

 ovatis sublobatis grosse inciso-serratis sub lente appresso-hirsutulis v. nudis subtus palli- 

 dioribus epunctatis, nervis paucis remotis, amentis foem. lato-cylindraceis, squamis lobis 

 ovato-oblongis lateralibus decurvo-falcatis intermedio longiore. 



Hab. Straits of De Fuca. Dr Scouler. Near springs on the west side of the Rocky Mountains. Douglas; 

 and on the east side, from the mountains to Edmonton House. Drummond. One specimen is in the collec 

 tion from the Arctic coast * (?) Dr Richardson.— l^his Birch does not agree with any described species, 

 and it is probably confined to the west coast, and to the immediate vicinity of the Rocky Mountains, form- 

 ing a low, small brush-wood, 6-10 feet high, and never exceeding a few inches in the diameter of its trunk. 

 Mr Drummond considered it to be the B. nigra, but its bark and leaves are quite different; the latter 

 remarkable for the few and remote nerves, which spring from the mid-ribs : besides. B. nigra is a southern 

 tree of great size. The main branches are erect, and somewhat virgate, clothed with a red-brown bark, a 

 little inclining to purple, copiously sprinkled with resinous warts in all the specimens. Petioles J to } of 



B , - ^**^^^ ■ ■ - - - — ^^^^—- - j 



* There has probably been some mistake in the station of this. 



