PINACEAE. 



Determined by Alfred Rehder and E. H. Wilson.^ 



Subfam. ABIETEAE Spach. 



PINUS L. 



Determined by George Russell Shaw, with notes by E. H. Wilson. 



On the first pages of the first volume of this publication the specimens of Pinus, 

 collected by Mr. Wilson, are treated according to the conception of Franchet, 

 Beissner and Masters, but Pinus Thunbergii Parlatore and Pinus koraiensis 

 Siebold & Zuccarini, which are credited to China by theee authors, were not 

 found by Mr. Wilson, and it is now my behef that Pinus densiflora Siebold 

 & Zuccarini also has not yet been collected in a wild state within the limits of 

 China proper. 



The acquisition of more material from Kansu, Shansi and Chili, especially from 

 the neighborhood of Peking, the possession of authentic specimens of P. funehris 

 Komarov and of P. leucosperma Maximowiez together with a longer acquaintance 

 with Mr. Wilson's admirable collections, have led me to believe that there are, 

 in the eighteen provinces of China, but two species of Hard Pine — one confined 

 to the subtropical levels of central southern and south-eastern China and the 

 other, a mountain species of the western ranges and of the colder noithern lati- 

 tudes. The subtropical species has long been known under the name of P. Mas- 

 soniana Lambert, while the mountain species has appeared under various names, 

 some of them based on characters which appear distinct, but which prove, in the 

 Wilson collection, to be the ultimate developments of variations that are more 

 or less obvious in all the localities. 



In all the mountain specimens from Yunnan to northern Chili the leaves 

 have the same leaf-section, in which the resin-ducts are commonly external, 

 but, in every locahty, leaves with both external and medial ducts are not infre- 

 quent. The branchlet is yellow and slightly pruinose. The staminate flowers 

 are in short, capitate clusters. The conelet always has the same form and the 

 same mucronate scales. The cone is tenaciously persistent, subsymmetrical to 

 oblique and undergoes a change in color, for at first a rather pale yellow, it slowly 

 changes to a nut brown, quite different from the original color. This change 

 takes place not only on the tree but in the herbarium. It is a character new to me 

 and I do not wish to give it undue importance, but taken with other characters 

 common to these specimens, it seems to establish the proof of specific identity. 

 Moreover their variations, whether of dimensions or of form, are so associated 

 and lead by such easy gradations into one another, that the estabhshment of 

 specific limits among them appears, to me at least, impossible. 



Pinus funehris Komarov represents the most northern form of this Pine, with 



1 Pinus determined by G. R. Shaw. 



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