14 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 



Palace, September 17, 1903, (7. S. Sargent; near Peking, October 7, 

 1905, J. G. Jack; same locality, December 1905, F. N. Meyer (No. 

 327). 



This Pine though frequently met with as a planted tree in temple grounds and 

 courtyards in north-eastern China is very rare in a wild state. It is only known 

 to me from two districts in western Hupeh where it occurs on escarpments of 

 mud-shales. It grows from 5 to 20 m. tall and commonly the trunk divides a few 

 feet above the ground into several stems. The habit is pyramidal, often somewhat 

 irregular and in old trees occasionally round-headed. On old trees the bark on 

 the trunk, on the main branches and exposed main roots is milk-white and ex- 

 foliates in flakes of irregular contour. The wood is brittle and of no value 

 except as fuel. With its white bark, massive trunk, stout, deep green leaves this 

 tree is highly ornamental and is so esteemed by the Chinese whose name for it 

 is "Peh Sung" (White Pine). 



Pictures of this tree will be found in my collection of photographs under Nos. 

 15, 522, 526, 527, 683 and in my Vegetation of Western China, Nos. 359, 360, 361, 

 362, 363. E. H. W. 



Pinus Massoniana Lambert, Descr. PinuSj I. 17, t. 12 (1803); ed. 

 2, 1. 16, t. 8 (1828); ed. minor 20, t. 8 (1832). — Debeaux in Act. Soc. 

 Linn. Bordeaux, XXX. 109 (FZ. Shangh. 57) (1875). — Beissner in 

 Nuov. Giorn, BoL ItaL n. ser. IV. 185 (1897). — Masters in Jour, 

 Linn, Soc. XXVL 551 (1902); XXXVII. 416 (1906). — Patschke in 

 BoL Jahrb. XLVIII. 658 (1912). 



Pinus canaliculata Miquel in Jour. Bot. Nierland. I. 86 (1861). 

 Pinus sinensis Bentham, Fl. Hongk. 337 (non Lambert) (1861). 



Kiangsi: Kiukiang foot-hills, alt. 300 m., August 1907 (No. 1744; 

 tree 5-15 m. tall, bark reddish). Western Hupeh: Ichang and 

 vicinity, alt. 30-1300 m., abundant, April and December 1907 (Nos. 

 1480, 1481, 2503; tree 10-25 m. tall, girth 0.6-3 m., often planted as 

 a source of fuel); Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1300-1500 m., July 1907 and 

 January 1909 (No. 1469; tree 15-20 m. tall, girth 1-3 m.); Chang- 

 yang Hsien, alt. 1500 m., November 1907 (No. 1482; tree 15-20 m. 

 tall); " Kao-kien-scian," alt. 800 m., June 1907, C. Silvestri (No. 100). 

 Western Szech'uan: near Wa-shan, alt. 1100-1500 m., September 

 and November 1908 (Nos. 1378, 1476; tree 13-20 m. tall); Kiating Fu 

 and westward to Mupin, alt. 300-1000 m.. May and November 1908 

 (No. 1468; tree 10-25 m. tall, girth 1-3 m., abundant on red-sand- 

 stone). Hongkong: Happy Valley, woods, alt. sea-level to 600 m., 

 April 1909 (No. 1483; tree 15-25 m. tall, girth 1-3 m.); same locality, 

 November 4, 1903, C. *S. Sargent Fokien: Fuchou, 1886, H. Maijr. 



In all but the cold parts of China this is the common low-level Pine. Through- 

 out the Yangtsze Valley it is abundant and extends from the sea-coast to the 



