FAGACEAE. — CASTANEA 195 
Rep. Spec. Nov. X. 241 (1911).—Schneider, IU. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 
899, fig. e-f (1912). 
Castanea crenata Henry in Elwes & Henry, Trees Great Brit. & Irel., IV. 
854 (pro parte, non Siebold & Zuccarini) (1909). 
Castanea sativa, var. Bungeana Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. 
XVII. 250 (1910). 
Kiangsi: Kuling, thickets, alt. 1300-1500 m., July 29, 1907 (Nos. 
1529, 1542; bush or small tree, 1-5 m. tall). Western Hupeh: 
Ichang, hillsides, 30-1100 m., May, October 1907 (Nos. 507, 374; bush 
0.6-2.5 m.); Changyang Hsien, hillsides and woods, alt. 1000-1600 m., 
July, August and September (Nos. 374°, 3667); Changlo Hsien, woods, 
alt. 1300-1600 m., July 1907 (No. 3665; tree 5-10 m. tall, girth 0.6- 
1.5 m.). Patung Hsien, woods, alt. 600-1200 m., June and October 
1907 (No. 3618; tree 6-13 m. tall, girth 0.6-2 m.); Hsing-shan Hsien, 
woods and thickets, alt. 1300-2000 m., June and July 1907 (Nos. 3660, 
3666, 3659; bush or small tree, 1.5-13 m. tall); Fang Hsien, woods and 
thickets, alt. 1000-1600 m., June 8, 1907 (No. 3664; bush or small tree, 
2-8 m. tall); without locality, A. Henry (Nos. 2867, 5800*, 6046). 
Shensi: “mountains near Tze-wu Hsien, south of Sian Fu," Sep- 
tember 1, 1914, F. N. Meyer. Chekiang: vicinity of Ningpo, 1908, 
D. Macgregor; near Hanchou, June 1907, June 26, 29, 1915, F. N. 
Meyer (Nos. 441, 1479, 1486). 
This Chestnut is very abundant on the hills and mountainsides throughout the 
Yangtsze Valley from the neighborhood of Ningpo in the east to eastern Szech'uan 
In the west. It also grows in the provinces of Shensi and Kweichou, but Wilson 
does not remember meeting with it in western Szech'uan. Usually it is a bush or a 
low bushy tree, but under very favorable conditions it forms a shapely tree from 
12 to 15 m. tall, with spreading branches and a trunk from 1 to 1.5 m. in girth. 
The species is well distinguished by the under side of the leaves, which is more or 
less densely lepidote and glabrous or nearly so, except on the primary and second- 
ary veins, which are villose. The branchlets in their first year are usually more 
or less densely clothed with a short velvety pubescence, but occasionally they are 
nearly glabrous, The winter-buds are small, conical to subglobose and pubescent. 
The leaves vary much in size, shape and dentation; the upper surface is deep green 
and the under side pale green and often more or less glaucescent, more especially 
when young. The ripe fruit is variable in size and contains from three to six 
small nuts, which have a peculiarly sweet and pleasant flavor. In the ripe in- 
ig the spines are pale straw color, often tinged with purple and are sparsely 
It has been known for a long time that two distinct species of Chestnut grew in 
- , Abel (Narr. Journ. China, 165 [1818]) was the first European to write of 
^ shrubby Chestnut with small fruits, and he observed it near the city of Tatung 
on the lower Yangtsze River, Fortune (Residence among Chinese, 51 and 144 [1857]) 
of two kinds of Chestnuts which grownear Ningpoand mentions that he sent 
Seeds of both to India. Later (in Gard. Chron. 1860, 170) Fortune tells of having 
