202 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 
Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, woods, alt. 1300-1500 m., 
May 8 and October 1907 (No. 542; tree 8-20 m. tall, girth 1-3 m.); 
Patung Hsien, woods, alt. 1000-1200 m., May 1900 (Veitch Exped. 
No. 236); north and south of Ichang, woods, alt. 600-1300 m., May 
1907 (No. 3642; tree 10-20 m. tall, girth 1-3 m.); same locality, 
October 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 575, fruiting specimens only); same 
locality, A. Henry (Nos. 3218, 3218*); without locality, A. Henry 
(Nos. 7596, 3870, 7707). Chekiang: vicinity of Ningpo, 1908, D. 
Macgregor; “Tangsi,” March 1906, F. N. Meyer (No. 227). Fokien: 
without locality, Dunn's Exped. April to June 1905 (Hongk. Herb. 
No. 3491). Hongkong: cultivated November 1862 (Herb. Hance, 
No. 367; in Herb. Gray). 
This is a common evergreen tree in the woods of western Hupeh from river-level 
to 1500 m. altitude, and this region apparently is the western limit of the 
species. It is a handsome tree with a nearly smooth dark gray bark and a very 
densely branched flattened round crown. The leaves are usually toothed above 
the middle only as depicted in Abel’s figure, but in the specimen from Fokien some 
of the leaves are toothed nearly to the base, as shown in Lindley’s figure of his 
Q. sclerophylla. The fructification is annual and the cupule almost completely 
encloses the small conical nut and splits at maturity to liberate it. 
In Hupeh this tree is known as the Chu-li and the fruit is gathered and crushed 
and converted into a paste known as tou-fu. In appearance this paste resembles 
bean-curd and it is an article of food among the peasants. In flavor the nut is like 
that of the Chinquapin (Castanea pumila Miller). 2r 
This Castanopsis is distinct from all others. Abel's figure is very good and it is 
strange that its identity with Lindley's plant should have been so completely over- 
looked. By A. De Candolle and others it has been considered closely related to C. 
cuspidata Schottky (Quercus cuspidata Thunberg), but the relationship is remote. 
In Thunberg's plant the leaves are smaller, with indistinct venation, the male 
flowers are in a shorter and differently arranged inflorescence, the fruit is bie 
densely clustered, the cup is ovoid and acute and the nut is also ovoid. The 
specimens from Chinkiang and Kiukiang collected by C. Maries and referred by 
Skan (in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 510 [1899]) to Q. cuspidata probably belong to 
. sclerophylla. z 
We are not sure that C. sclerophylla grows wild in Hongkong, as asserted by 
Dunn and Tutcher, for such specimens as we have received from them named 
Q. sclerophylla belong to C. cuspidata Schottky. 
The oldest specific name cannot be used for this species as there exists already à 
C. chinensis described by Hance in 1868. 
Here may be added notes on some Chinese species of Castanopsis not collected 
during the Arnold Arboretum Expeditions. 
P. Castanopsis indica A. De Candolle in Jour. Bot. I. 182 (1863); Prodr. XVI. 
pt. 2, 109 (1864). — Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. I. 119 (1863-64). — Brandis, 
Forest Fl. Ind. 490 (1874); Ind. Trees, 634, fig. 196 (1906). — Hooker f., Fl. Brit. 
Ind. V. 620 (1888). — King in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta, II. 94, t. 83 (1889). 
Quercus dubia Lindley in Wallich, Cat. No. 2786 (nomen nudum) (1828). 
Quercus serrata Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. ed. 2, III. 641 (non Thunberg) (1832). 
