78 



MB. 0. BARWIS OS THK DISIORPUIC CONDITION 



will designate the two forms as long-styled and short-styled. Those 

 botanists with whom I have spoken on the subject have looked at 

 the case as one of mere variability, which is far from the truth. 



In the Cowslip, in the long-styled form, the stigma projects just 

 above the tube of the corolla, and is externally visible ; it stands 

 high above the anthers, which are situated halfway down the tube, 



iKing- styled. 



Short-styled. 



and cannot be easily seen. In the short-styled form the anthers 

 are attached at the mouth of the tube, and therefore stand high 

 above the stigma ; for the pistil is short, not rising above halfway 

 up the tubular corolla. The corolla itself is of a difi'erent shape in 

 the two forms, the throat or expanded portion above the attach- 

 ment of the anthers being much longer in the long-styled than in 

 the short-styled form. Village children notice this diiference, as 

 they can beat make necklaces by threading and slipping the corollas 

 of the long-styled flowers into each other. But there are much 

 more important differences. The stigma in the long-styled plants 

 is globular, in the short-styled it is depressed on the summit, so 

 that the longitudinal axis of the former is sometimes nearly double 

 that of the latter. The shape, however, is in some degree variable ; 

 but one difference is persistent, namely, that the stigma of the 

 long-styled is much rougher: in some specimens carefully com- 

 pared, the papillae which render the stigmas rough were in the long- 

 styled form from twice to thrice as long as in the short-styled. 

 There is anotlier and more remarkable difference, namely, in the 

 size of the pollen-grains. I measured with the micrometer many 



