72 THE CACTACEAE. 
Illustrations: Blithende Kakteen 2: pl. 76; Schumann, Gesamtb. Kakteen Nachtr. 
f. 11; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 11: 139; Méllers Deutsche Gart. Zeit. 25: 475. f. 7, No. 8. 
Figure 91 is copied from the first illustration above cited. 
> 20. Echinopsis leucantha (Gillies) Walpers, Repert. Bot. 2: 324. 1843. 
Echinocactus leucanthus Gillies in Salm-Dyck, Hort. Dyck. 341. 1834. 
Cereus incurvispinus Otto and Dietrich, Allg. Gartenz. 3: 244. 1835. 
Cereus leucanthus Pfeiffer, Enum. Cact. 71. 1837. 
Echinonyctanthus leucanthus Lemaire, Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 85. _1839. 
Echinopsis campylacantha Pfeiffer in Pfeiffer and Otto, Abbild. Beschr. 1: under pl. 4. 1839. 
S Echinopsis salpigophora* Lemaire in Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 181. 1850. 
Echinopsis polyacantha Monville in Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 302. 1853. 
Echinopsis campylacantha leucantha Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 305. 1853. 
Echinopsis campylacantha stylodes Monville in Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 305. 1853. 
Echinopsis simplex Niedt, Allg. Gartenz. 25: 237. 1857. 
Echinopsis melanopotamica Spegazzini, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires III. 4: 492. 1905. 
Stems globose to oblong, about 3.5 dm. high; ribs 12 to 14, somewhat compressed; areoles close 
together, oblong; radial spines 8, more or less curved, brownish; central spine 1, curved, elongated, 
often 10 cm. long; flowers about 16 cm. long, described as up to 20 cm. long; the tube about 3 cm. 
broad at the mouth, dark brown, with scattered areoles bearing small tufts of brown hairs; outer 
perianth-segments brownish, spreading, 2 cm. long, with an acute scarious tip; inner perianth-seg- 
ments in about 3 series, spreading, the outer ones purplish, the innermost ones nearly white, oblong, 
acute, about 3 cm. long; filaments in many series of many lengths, the series at the mouth of the 
flower-tube erect, 1.5 cm. long; style included; stigma-lobes numerous, green. 
Type locality: Mendoza (fide Pfeiffer). 
Distribution: Western Argentina. 
Weber (Dict. Hort. Bois 471. 1896) gives Echinopsis yacutulana Weber as a synonym 
of E. leucantha. Echinocactus salpingophora (Labouret, Monogr. Cact, 302. 1853) was 
given as a synonym of Echinopsis salpingophora. 
Although Echinocactus leucanthus, with Melocactus ambiguus Pfeiffer as a synonym, 
appeared in 1833 (Allg. Gartenz. 1: 364), it was not actually published until the following 
year. 
Echinopsis polyacantha Monville (Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 302. 1853) and E. stylosa 
Monville (Schumann, Gesamtb. Kakteen 241. 1897) are given by Schumann as synonyms 
of this species, but neither was published and the latter was not cited at the place mentioned 
by Schumann. It has been briefly described as a variety and will be found in the synonymy 
above as stylodes. E. campylacantha with its two forms longispina and brevispina are 
assigned to R. Meyer (Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 5: 36. 1895), who as a matter of fact pub- 
lished only the names Echinopsis poselgert var. brevispina and var. longispina. 
Echinopsis leucantha aurea (Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 17: 76. 1907), E. salpingophora 
aurea (Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 12: 63. 1902) and FE. leucantha salpingophora Schumann 
(Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 13:62. 1903) are not described at the places cited above. Melo- 
cactus elegans Pfeiffer (Allg. Gartenz. 3: 244. 1835) is usually referred here. 
Echinopsis melanopotamica which comes from southern Argentina we have referred 
here; if it belong here it represents the southern form of the species. We have not seen the 
type but we have seen fruits collected by Fischer and spines by Alex Wetmore (1920), 
both from the Rio Negro region, presumably referable here. They suggest the desirability 
of further field study. 
Illustrations: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 26: pl. 13, as Cereus leucanthus; Curtis’s Bot. Mag. 
77: pl. 4567; Fl. Serr. 6: pl. 635; Jard. Fleur. 1: pl. 98; Loudon, Encycl. Pl. ed. 3. 1378. 
- f. 19385; Riimpler, Sukkulenten f. 95; Méllers Deutsche Gart. Zeit. 25: 475. f. 7, No. 15; 
as Echinopsis campylacantha; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 5: 35; Kirtcht, Kakteen Zimmer- 
garten 23, as Echinopsis salpingophora; Mdllers Deutsche Gart. Zeit. 25: 475. f.7, No. 7; 
*The original spelling of this name was salpigophora, but Schumann says that it should be sa/pingophora. 
