114 THE CACTACEAE. 
This species is known to us only from descriptions. 
Echinocactus lamellosus fulvescens Salm-Dyck (Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 30, 159. 1850) 
seems never to have been described. 
~Y 10. Echinofossulocactus grandicornis (Lemaire). 
‘> Echinocactus grandicornis Lemaire, Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 30. 1839. 
Echinocactus grandicornis fulvispinus Salm-Dyck in Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 210. 1853. 
Echinocactus grandicornis nigrispinus Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 210. 1853. 
Plants simple, globose to slender-cylindric, 10 cm. high, 5 to 6 cm. in diameter, glaucous-green, 
the apex hidden by the spines; ribs 34 or 35, much compressed, acute, undulate; areoles only a few to 
each rib, tomentose when young, naked in age; spines 8 to 11, at first yellowish; upper spine erect, 
stout, flat, 5 cm. long, the 2 lateral ones not so stout, a little shorter and nearly terete, the other 
spines slender; flowers whitish purple. 
Type locality: Mexico. 
Distribution: Mexico. 
This species is known to us only from descriptions. 
11. Echinofossulocactus arrigens (Link). 
Echinocactus arrigens Link in Dietrich, Allg. Gartenz. 8: 161. 1840. 
Echinocactus sphaerocephalus Miihlenpfordt, Allg. Gartenz. 14: 370. 1846. 
Echinocactus allardtianus Dietrich, Allg. Gartenz. 15: 178. 1847. 
Echinocactus arrigens atropurpureus Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 31, 162. 1850. 
Plants simple, deep-seated in the soil, globular, 5 to 7 cm. in diameter, glaucescent, more or less 
depressed at the apex; ribs 24, thin and wavy; spines 8 to 11, yellow (according to Schumann) ; 
uppermost spine elongated, 2 to 4 cm. long, flattened, brownish; central spines 2 or 3, more slender 
and not quite so long as the uppermost one; radial spines 6 to 8, acicular, usually pale, spreading; 
flowers small, 2 to 2.5 cm. long; inner perianth-segments oblong, apiculate, with a deep purple stripe 
running down the center and with pale, nearly white margins. 
Type locality: Mexico. 
Distribution: Mexico, but definite locality is unknown. 
Echinocactus xiphacanthus Miquel (Linnaea 12: 1. pl. 1, f. 1. 1838) is referred here by 
Schumann ; if correctly, the name would replace FE. arrigens. It is described as having 34 
ribs; radial spines 4 or 5, short, pale; central spines 1 to 3, the upper one flat and long. 
; Echinocactus ensiferus Lemaire (Cact. Alig. Nov. 26. 1838; E. anfractuosus enstferus 
Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 31. 1850) is also referred here by Schumann. It, 
too, has priority over FE. arrigens. It is described as globose; ribs 30 to 4o. 
Echinocactus arrectus Otto (Forster, Handb. Cact. 346. 1846), without description, is 
referred here as a synonym by Schumann. 
Echinocactus ensiferus pallidus (Forster, Handb. Cact. 306. 1846) may also belong here. 
Echinofossulocactus ensiformis (Lawrence in Loudon, Gard. Mag. 17: 317. 1841) may 
or may not belong here. 
Illustrations: Pfeiffer, Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 2: pl. 27; Foérster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. f. 
69; Schelle, Handb. Kakteenk. 173. f. 103, as Echinocactus arrigens; (?) Linnaea 12: pl. I, 
f. 1, as E. xiphacanthus. 
Figure 120 is a reproduction of the first illustration cited above. 
12. Echinofossulocactus violaciflorus (Quehl). 
Echinocactus violaciflorus Quehl, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 22: 102. I912. 
Simple, at first globose, but becoming columnar, 8 to 10 cm. in diameter; ribs about 35, thin, 
deeply crenate; spines about 7, the 4 or 5 lower ones 7 to 12 mm. long, appressed or incurved, white, 
su u ate, the 3 upper spines flattened, 3 to 6 cm. long, ascending and the uppermost ones connivent 
oven € oP of the plant; flowers 2 to 2.5 cm. long; perianth-segments narrow, acuminate, white 
a violet or purplish stripe down the middle; scales on the ovary more or less imbricated, in 3 
or 4 rows, broadly ovate, apiculate with scarious margins. 
