ECHINOFOSSULOCACTUS. 115 
Type locality: Zacatecas, Mexico. 
Distribution: Zacatecas and Aguas Calientes. 
Our description is drawn in part from a plant sent to the New York Botanical Gar- 
den by Mr. H. Donnerstein in 1908, which flowered in April 1921, and in part from speci- 
mens collected by W. E. Safford at Aguas Calientes, Mexico, in 1907 (No. 1359). 
Illustrations: Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 22: 103, as Echinocactus violaciflorus; Ann. Rep. 
Smiths. Inst. 1908: pl. 4, f. 5, as Echinocactus crispatus. 
Plate xx11I, figure 5, shows the 
plant collected by William E. Saf- 
ford, February 21, 1907 (No. 1359), 
which flowered in Washington and 
was painted May 9, 1907. Figure 
121 is from a photograph of the 
same plant. 
13. Echinofossulocactus obvallatus (De 
Candolle) Lawrence in Loudon, 
Gard. Mag.17: 317. 1841. 
> Echinocactus obvallatus De Can- 
dolle, Prodr. 3: 462. 1828. 
Obovoid to globose, depressed at 
apex; ribs about 25, rather thin and 
undulate; spines about 8, 4 spines sub- 
ulate, ascending or spreading, 4 spines 
short, perhaps not one-fourth the length 
of the longer ones; flowers central, very 
large; perianth-segments linear-oblong. 
Type locality: Mexico. 
Distribution: Hidalgo, Mexico. 
This species is based on Mocifio and Sessé’s illustration of Cactus obvallatus. We have 
been unable to refer here, with any degree of approximation, any Mexican material we have 
seen. Pfeiffer’s plate 22 (Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 2:), originally referred here, must be quite 
distinct, for it has very differently shaped flowers, spines, and ribs. The Index Kewensis 
refers this illustration to Echinocactus lancifer of which it seems to be the type. 
Echinocactus obvallatus spinosior of Lemaire (Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 30. 
1850) and also of Monville (Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 20. 1845) as well as va- 
Fic. 121.—Echinofossulocactus violaciflorus. 
Tiety pluricostatus Monville (Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 20. 1845) are all names 
without description. 845) 
Echinocactus coptonogonus obvallatus Salm-Dyck (Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 20. 1845), 
unpublished, doubtless belongs here. ; - Borst 
Illustrations: Cact. Journ. 2: 102; Dict. Gard. Nicholson 1: 500. f. 692; Forster, 
Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 535. f. 68; Schelle, Handb. Kakteenk. 172. f. 101 ; Watson, Cact. cut 
113. f. 41; Karsten and Schenck, Vegetationsbilder 2: pl. 19, a; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 
Paris 17: pl. 9, as Echinocactus obvallatus. 
Figure 122 is copied from the last illustration cited above. 
14. Echinofossulocactus pentacanthus (Lemaire). 
Echinocactus pentacanthus Lemaire, Cact. Ald. Nov. Tg 1838. 
7 . . . + : ya rtenz. 10: 370. 10498. , 5 
Echinocactus biceras Jacobi, Allg. Ga 7 ic, Catt, Hort. Dyck. 1849. 31. 1850. 
Echinocactus anfractuosus pentacanthus Salm-Dyc 
Simple, depressed-globose to short-cylindric, more or . , 2 d; 
40 to 50; areoles only a few to the rib; spines 5, unequal, grayish red, hardly ne atl wore 
3 upper spines erect or spreading; 2 lower spines much slenderer and shorter than the upper, 
large for this group, deep violet; perianth-segments with white margins. 
less glaucous; ribs about 25, perhaps even 
