118 THE CACTACEAE. 
sometimes 3-toothed at apex, 8 to 33 mm. long, reddish with a black tip; the other 4 spines spreading, 
more or less appressed, straight or recurved, gray or reddish with black tips, much shorter than the 
upper one; flowers greenish yellow, 1.5 cm. long; inner perianth-segments short-oblong, obtuse, 
the outer ones more or less acute or apiculate; scales on the ovary broadly ovate with a scarious 
margin and a more or less prominent cusp. 
Type locality: Not cited. 
Distribution: San Ia1is Potosi, Mexico. 
Our description is based on a large series of specimens all from near San Luis Potosi 
where they were collected by Dr. Edward Palmer in 1902 and 1905 and by C. R. Orcutt 
about 1915. This species is unlike any of its relatives, being characterized by the very 
short foliaceous upper spine. 
Schumann’s description of this species does not read much like the original and must 
represent a different species. 
2 19. Echinofossulocactus phyllacanthus (Martius) Lawrence in Loudon, Gard. Mag. 17: 317. 1841. 
Echinocactus phyllacanthus Martius, Allg. Gartenz. 4: 201. 1836. 
Echinocactus phyllacanthoides Lemaire, Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 28. 1839. 
Echinofossulocactus phyllacanthus macracanthus Lawrence in Loudon, Gard. Mag. 17: 317. 1841. 
Echinofossulocactus phyllacanthus micracanthus Lawrence in Loudon, Gard. Mag. 17: 317. 1841. 
Simple, depressed-globose to short-cylindric, 3 to 15 cm. high, 4 to 10 cm. in diameter, dull green; 
ribs 30 to 35, thin, undulate; areoles only a few to a rib, white-tomentose when young; spines 5 to 
9; upper spine, or rarely 2 spines, much elongated, erect or connivent over the top of the plant, 
flattened, thin, somewhat annulate, 4 cm. long; other spines weak-subulate, usually pale and 
spreading; flowers 15 to 20 mm. long, yellowish; inner perianth-segments acute. 
Type locality: Mexico. 
Distribution: Central Mexico; also reported from Mazatlan on the Pacific Coast of 
Mexico. 
A good illustration of this species is published by Pfeiffer and Otto which is doubtless 
typical. Karwinsky’s plant, from which the illustration was made, came from near Pa- 
chuca, Mexico.- At this locality Dr. Rose collected flowers in 1905 (No. 8717) and these 
correspond to Pfeiffer’s illustrations. At the same time and under the same number was 
collected a second species of this genus which is very distinct, showing how easily the spe- 
cies of this group can be confused. 
Several varieties have been described, but these may not all belong here. ‘These are 
as follows: laevior Monville, laevis Lemaire, macracanthus, micracanthus, pentacanthus, 
tenutflorus (E. tenuiflorus Link in ‘Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 20. 1845, name 
only) and tricuspidatus Forster. 
Echinocactus stenogoni occurs occasionally as a legend for illustrations. This of course 
refers to Echinocactus series stenogoni. ‘The first one which we have examined (Krook, 
Handb. Cact. 71. f. a) is figure 2 taken from Pfeiffer and Otto’s plate 9, cited below. It 
occurs also in de Laet (Cat. Gen. f. 50, No. 6) for this or some closely related species. 
A third reference also occurs (Wiener III. Gart. Zeit. 29: f. 22, No. 6). 
Illustrations: Pfeiffer and Otto, Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 1: pl. 9; Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 
Miinchen 2: (see 738) pl. 2, f. 3, as Echinocactus phyllacanthus. 
Figure 124 shows the first illustration cited above. 
20. Echinofossulocactus lancifer (Dietrich). 
— Echinocactus lancifer Dietrich, Allg. Gartenz.7:154. 1839. 
Echinocactus dietrichti Heynhold, Nom. 2: 92. 1846. 
Nearly ovoid, somewhat depressed at apex; ribs numerous, strongly compressed, undulate ; 
areoles few to each rib, when young tomentose; spines 8, white or brownish at apex; some of them 
broad and flat; flowers rather large, rose-colored; flower-tub : ier : ts 
linear-oblong, widely spreading. 4 ; flower-tube described as long; perianth-segmen 
