a 
FEROCACTUS. 145 
Echinocactus longihamatus crassispinus Engelmann, Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 273. 1856. 
> Echinocactus longihamatus brevispinus Engelmann, Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 274. 1856. 
Echinocactus flavispinus Meinshausen, Wochenshr. G&rtn. Pflanz. 1: 28. 1858. 
Echinocactus haematochroanthus Hemsley, Biol. Centr. Amer. Bot. 1: 532. 1880. 
Echinocactus hamatacanthus longihamatus Coulter, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 3: 365. 18696. 
Echinocactus hamatacanthus brevispinus Coulter, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 3: 366. 1896. 
Echinocactus longihamatus sinuatus Weber in Schumann, Gesamtb. Kakteen 342. 1898. 
Solitary, globular to oblong, up to 60 cm. high; ribs usually 13, sometimes 17, strongly tubercled;, 
2 to 3 cm. high; areoles large, 1 to 3 cm. apart; radial spines about 12, acicular, terete, 5 to 7 cm. 
long; central spines 4, elongated, angled, sometimes 1 5 cm. long, one of them hooked at apex; 
flowers large, 7 to 8 cm. long, yellow, in some forms said to be scarlet within; fruit oblong, 2 to 5 cm. 
long, fleshy, edible, dark brown to drab-colored (not red); seeds pitted. 
Type locality: Mexico. 
Distribution: Southern Texas, New Mexico, and northern Mexico. 
This species develops elongated glands, 2 to 4 mm. long, in the areoles between the 
flower and the spines, as do some of the others; these at first are soft, but in age become 
hard and spine-like. The fruit of this species is unlike that of most other species of the 
genus; the skin is thin and the flesh juicy and edible. 
Echinocactus insignis Haage jr. (Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 5: 76. 1905), a name only, 
was referred by Schumann as a synonym of E. longihamatus. 
The following names (not described) 
are usually referred to this species or one of 
Fics. 153 and 153a.—Ferocactus uncinatus. 
its synonyms: Echinocactus longihamatus sinuatus Weber (Monatsschr. Kakteenk: 123 09: 
1902), Echinocactus longihamatus bicolor (Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 3: 140._ 189 3), : long 
hamatus deflexispinus (Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 12: 69. 1902), E. longi ania us ines a 
(Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 12:69. 1902), and E. texensts treculianus (Forster, Handb. Cact. 
ed. 2. 504. 1885). . 
nontoant deflexispinus Gruson (Schumann, Gesamtb. Kakteen 343. 1898) was 
never described; it was considered by Schumann to be only a form of this species. ot a6: 
Illustrations: Blane, Cacti 47. No. 556; Pfeiffer, Abbild. Beschr. Cact * P ; : i 
Schelle, Handb. Kakteenk. 159. f. 88; Ann. Rep. Smiths. Inst. 1908: pl. 9, f. 4; Forster, 
