204 THE CACTACEAE. 
It was referred by Lemaire in 1840 as a synonym of Echinocactus centetertus, but as a 
matter of fact it must have had a prior publication, although both names first appeared the 
same year, 1837.* 
In spite of the difference in size and shape of the flowers, Lemaire (Hort. Univ. 2: 
161. 1841) is positive that it is the same as the plant which he illustrates and yet he desig- 
nates his illustration as var. major! 
Echinocactus centeterius, to which it is generally referred, is scarcely less confusing. 
It seems to have been named and distributed by Lehmann, but was first described by 
Pfeiffer in 1837 and figured by him about 1843. His plant is small with rather small 
flowers; the perianth-segments are broad and abruptly acute. He states definitely that 
the plant comes from Minas Geraes, Brazil. As figured by Lemaire, where mentioned above, 
the flowers are very large with narrow elongated perianth-segments; in 1843 it was figured 
and described by Hooker. He describes a larger plant than the type and the flowers are 
somewhat different, the perianth-segments being spatulate and toothed above. 
Forster (Handb. Cact. 296. 1846) redescribes the species, referring here Echinocactus 
mammillarioides Hooker (Curtis’s Bot. Mag. 64: pl. 3558) as a large form under the name 
of E. centeterius major of Cels. 
In 1853 Labouret redescribes the species and makes Echinocactus pachycentrus a 
variety and synonymous with Echinocactus mammillarioides and Echinocactus centeterius 
major Monville and also the variety grandiflorus based on the description of Lemaire 
(Hort. Univ. 2: 161). He also states that the species comes from Mexico and Minas 
Geraes. 
In 1882 Regel in the Gartenflora (30: 258. pl. 1094) describes and figures this species 
and the variety major from plants sent by Dr. Philippi from Chile. 
Riimpler (Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 568. f. 73, 74. 1885) redescribes the species and 
also reproduces the illustrations from Gartenflora, but adds nothing new except the state- 
ment that the species is also found in Peru and Chile. 
Finally, Schumann (Gesamtb. Kakteen 418, 419. 1898) states that it surely comes 
from the Andes of Argentina, but he would exclude it from Mexico and Brazil. After 
a careful study of the works mentioned above and a comparison of all the illustrations 
cited below we are convinced that several species may be involved, but we have not 
been able to disentangle them. 
Illustrations: Pfeiffer and Otto, Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 1: pl. 2; Férster, Handb. Cact. 
ed. 2. f. 73, 74; Curtis’s Bot. Mag. 69: pl. 3974; Gartenflora 31: f. 1094, a; Schumann, 
Gesamtb. Kakteen f. 73; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 27: 60; Loudon, Encycl. Pl. ed. 3. 1378. 
f. 19378; Herb. Génér. Amat. IT. 2: pl. 56, as Echinocactus centeterius; Pfeiffer and Otto, 
Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 1: pl. 21, as Echinocactus hybocentrus; Curtis’s Bot. Mag. 64: pl. 
3558; Loudon, Encycl. Pl. ed. 2 and 3. 1201. f. 17354, as Echinocactus mammillarioides; 
Hort. Univ. 2: pl. 16; Gartenflora 31: f. 1094, b, as Echinocactus centeterius major. 
27. Malacocarpus leninghausii (Haage jr.). 
Pilocereus leninghausti Haage jr., Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 5: 147. 1895. 
Echinocactus leninghausii Schumann, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 5: 189. 1895. 
Stem slender, cylindric, sometimes 1 meter long, 10 cm. in diameter; ribs about 30, low, obtuse; 
radial spines about 15, setaceous; central spines 3 or 4, longer than the radials, 4 cm. long, yellow; 
flowers 5 cm. broad, citron-yellow; scales on the ovary bristly in their axils. 
Type locality: Not cited. 
Distribution: Southern Brazil. 
This is a very curious plant which has long been cultivated in Europe, but has only 
recently flowered in cultivation. Dr. Rose found it being widely propagated, but saw 
; *Curtis’s Botanical Magazine, volume 64, 
Diagnostica Cactearum appeared probably after 
plate 3558, appeared in March 1837 while Pfeiffer’s Enumeratio 
August and before November of the same year. 
