34 THE CACTACEAE. 
ish, the upper generally weaker, the 2 or 3 uppermost ones much weaker, clustered closely together 
and very pale, some of them sometimes crowded towards the center, the central spine solitary, 
very stout and erect or sometimes curved or even hooked, yellow, 3.5 cm. long; all the larger spines 
somewhat bulbous at base; flowers 5 to 6 cm. long, salmon-colored; ovary 20 to 25 mm. long, bearing 
4 to 7 minute caducous scales; fruit narrowly oblong, 6 em. long; seeds large, 3 mm. long, shining. 
Type locality: Cited as Sonora in first publication of species; afterwards as south side 
of the Baboquivari Mountains in northern Sonora. 
Distribution: Mountains of southern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and northern 
Sonora. 
We have followed Mrs. K. Brandegee in referring Mammillaria brownit here, for not 
only do the original descriptions read much alike but the type localities for the two are in 
the same mountain range. M. brownii was described from a very small plant and dif- 
fers considerably from mature individuals. Engelmann calls attention to the very large 
seeds, which he says are “‘larger than those of any other Mammillaria examined.” He 
also states, ‘‘embryo with some albumen, curved; cotyledon foliaceous, approaching the 
structure of the seed of most Echinocactt.” 
Dr. Shreve reports that the flowers appear.in the summer and the fruits, which follow, 
hold over the following winter, gradually drying up. The fruits do not open by a basal 
pore as in other related species. 
Wewould refer here specimens from Lordsburg, New Mexico, and Bowie, Arizona, which, 
have heretofore been referred to Mammillaria valida, now Coryphantha muehlenpfordtit. 
Illustrations: Bot. Gaz. 22: 254, as Mammillaria browni; Cact. Journ. 1: 85; Cact. 
Mex. Bound. pl. 74, f. 8, as Mammiullaria robustispina. 
16. Coryphantha connivens sp. nov. 
Globular or somewhat depressed, 8 to 10 cm. broad, somewhat woolly at the crown at flowering 
time but becoming glabrate; spines all radial but of two kinds; one kind 5 or 6, spreading or curved 
backward, subulate, horn-colored, the other 8 to 10, from upper part of spine-areole, clustered, erect, 
or toward top connivent, acicular, black at tip; flowers yellow, 6 to 7 cm. broad; perianth-segments 
narrowly oblong, acuminate; fruit greenish, oblong, 3 cm. long; seeds brown, oblong, 2 mm. long. 
This species is common in the Valley of Mexico, especially on the pedregal. Dr. Rose 
collected it first in r901 and again in 1905 and 1906; the type is his No. 8372 from near 
Tlalpam, collected in 1905. Dr. C. Reiche also collected it between Tacubaya and 
Santa Fé in 1922, and according to him the plant from this locality is the one referred to 
Mammillaria pycnacantha by Schumann (Gesamtb. Kakteen 489. 1898). 
The species is characterized by the peculiar clusters of spines in the upper angle of 
the areoles. A small plant was sent by O. Solis from Tlalpam in 1907, but it has fewer 
acicular spines than described above. , 
> 17. Coryphantha pectinata (Engelmann). 
~~ Mammillaria pectinata Engelmann, Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 266. 1856. 
Mammillaria pectinata cristata Hortus in Férster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 403. 1885 
Cactus pectinatus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 259. - 1891. ; 
Usually simple, globose, 3 to 6 cm. in diameter; tubercles i i 
, , . ; usually arranged in 13 spirals; upper 
tubercles 10 to 12 mm. long, about twice as long as lower ones; areoles a little longer than broad: 
spines 16 to 24, all radial, those on lower areoles appressed and often a little recurved, those from 
upper part of upper areoles 12 to 18 mm. long, connivent over apex, yellowish white with black 
tips; flowers yellow, 5 cm. long; ovary 6 to 8 mm. long; fruit 12 mm. long. 
Type locality: On the Pecos River in western Texas. 
Distribution: Southern Texas and adjacent parts of Mexico. 
Coulter and Schumann refer it to Mammillaria radians De Candolle, but it doubtless is 
a distinct species. 
This plant is well illustrated by 
appears to have been collected onl 
Engelmann and should be easily recognized. It 
y rarely. The only representatives we have of 
