CORYPHANTHA. 4I 
In young plants the spines are not so numerous, the central spine is single, porrect, 
slightly curved, with black tips. 
Figure 38 is from a photograph of the plant collected at the type locality in 1906. 
7 27, Coryphantha pycnacantha (Martius) Lemaire, Cactées 35. 1868. 
? Mammillaria latimamma De Candolle, Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 17: 114. 1828. 
_2Mammillaria pycnacantha Martius, Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 16: 325. 1832. 
Mammillaria acanthostephes Lehmann, Allg. Gartenz. 3: 228. 1835. 
Mammillaria arietina Lemaire * Cact. Alig. Nov.-1o. 1838. 
Mammillaria scepontocentra Lemaire, Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 43. 1839. 
Mammiullaria arietina spinosior Lemaire, Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 94. 1839. 
Mammillaria pycnacantha spinosior Monville in Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 14. 1845. 
Mammillaria magnimamma arietina Salm-Dyck in Forster, Handb. Cact. 235. 1846. 
Mammillaria winkleri Forster, Allg. Gartenz. 15:50. 1847. 
Mammillaria magnimamma lutescens Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 17, 121. 1850. 
Echinocactus winkleri Poselger, Allg. Gartenz. 21: 102. 1853. 
? Echinocactus acanthostephes Poselger, Allg. Gartenz. 21: 102. 1853. 
Echinocactus pycnacanthus Poselger, Allg. Gartenz. 21: 102. 1853. 
Mammillaria acanthostephes recta Hortus in Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 138. 1853. 
? Coryphantha acanthostephes Lemaire, Cactées 35. 1868. 
Cactus acanthostephes Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 260. 1891. 
Cactus latimamma Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 260. 1891. 
Cactus pycnacanthus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 261. 1891. 
Cactus scepontocentrus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 261. 1891. 
Cactus winkleri Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 261. 1891. 
Plant solitary, globular to cylindric, about 8 cm. high; tubercles broad, grooved above, glaucous- 
green; radial spines 10 to 12, slender, 10 to 16 mm. long; central spines about 4, stouter than the 
radials, about 25 mm. long, more or less curved backward, usually black; flowers from near center 
of plant, 25 mm. in diameter, yellowish; perianth-segments numerous, very narrow; stigma-lobes 5 
or 6, white. 
Type locality: Near the city of Oaxaca, Mexico. 
Distribution: Oaxaca, Mexico. 
The skeleton of the type of this species is preserved in the Munich Museum and Dr. 
Rose obtained a cluster of spines from this specimen in 1912. 
Coryphantha pycnacantha has long been a desideratum. In September 1920 Professor 
Conzatti sent several small plants from near the type locality. In these, the radial spines 
are white, the centrals (3) are nearly black, and all more or less curved backward. In the 
center of the plant a quantity of white wool is developed, so abundant that it can be 
gathered for commercial use. With the specimens of Professor Conzatti are samples of 
the wool with an inquiry as to its value as a fiber. 
Mammillaria smiscnahiansiia spinosior Lemaire (Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 
12. 1845) was not described at the place here cited. Labouret afterwards refers it asa 
Synonym of M. magnimamma lutescens. 
Mammillavia cephalophora Salm-Dyck (Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 137. 18505 eam 
cactus cephalophorus Poselger, Allg. Gartenz. 21: 102. 1853; Cactus cephalop orus untze, 
Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 260. 1891) was a new name for Melocactus mammillariaeformis T a m- 
Dyck (Allg. Gartenz. 4: 148. 1836). It was first described as a Melocactus (because of i s 
woolly crown), but it seems to be more like a Coryphantha. Its exact origin exice 
seems to be unknown and the flowers had not been described up to 1850. Pfei er state 
that the seeds obtained from a dead plant were similar to those of M ammillaria coronaria. 
Schumann discussed it under M. pycnacantha in a note. Hem ley (Biol. Centr. Amer. 
Bot. 1: 502) listed it as a Melocactus. 
Mammillaria pycnacantha scepontocentra Monville (Labouret, 
belongs her implicatjon. . ; 
M amunilleria teaensmasama Otto was referred by De Candolle (Mém. Cact. 17. 18 34) 
to-his M. latimamma, now referred to this species. _ 
Monogr. Cact. 136. 1853) 
* Schumann refers this name as a synonym of M ammillaria centricirrha. 
} Schumann spells this name Melocactus mamillariiformt1s. 
