NEOMAMMILLARIA. 73 
It is perhaps nearest some of the species from Texas, such as N. hemisphaerica and N. 
heyder1, but when growing it is easily distinguished by the peculiar white mats of wool on 
the young spine-areoles. 
The following interesting note has been contributed by Dr. Gaumer, in whose honor the 
plant is named: 
“The flowers begin to open at 8 a. m., are fully open at noon, close at dawn, and shrink the next 
morning, leaving the ovary wholly imbedded in the mass of the plant at the base of the tubercles; 
it remains dormant from 3 to 6 months, then suddenly develops to an inch in length in 48 hours. 
If put away in a dry place the bright crimson berries last from 3 to 6 months without decaying or 
changing their color. When thoroughly ripe they have a rather pleasant sweetish taste and are 
said to be edible. 
“The plant multiplies by seed and by segmentation; this latter is accomplished by the plant 
putting out numerous shoots from its upper surface; these send out roots; the old plant decays and the 
little ones are often rolled about by the cattle or by the winds, and later send out stronger roots 
that finally anchor them to the sand, generally under a clump of brush.”’ 
Plate vi, figure 1, shows the type plant which flowered in the New York Botanical 
Garden, July 24, 1918, soon after its arrival from Yucatan; plate xu, figure 2, is from a 
photograph of the plant showing the large masses of white wool at the young spine-areoles. 
4. Neomammillaria petrophila (Brandegee). 
Mammillaria petrophila Brandegee, Zoe §: 193. 1904. 
Sometimes cespitose, milky, globular, 15 cm. in diameter or less; tubercles short, broad at base; 
spines at first chestnut-colored, becoming pale in age; radial spines 10, about 1 cm. long, a little 
spreading; central spine 1 (rarely 2), 2 cm. long, darker and stouter than the radials; flowers bright 
greenish yellow, 18 to 20 mm. long; perianth-segments hardly acute, sometimes slightly erose; 
stamens and style yellow; stigma-lobes 6; fruit small, roundish; seeds reddish brown, smooth, less 
than 1 mm. long. 
Type locality: Sierra de la Laguna, Lower California. 
Distribution: Mountains of southern Lower California. 
We know this species only from description and illustration. 
Illustration: Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 17: 57, as Mammillaria petrophila. 
5. Neomammillaria arida (Rose). 
Mammillaria arida Rose in Quehl, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 23: 181. 1913. 
Plants usually single, globular, deeply seated in the ground, 3 to 6 cm. in diameter, containing 
much milk and giving it off freely when injured ; tubercles nearly terete; radial spines about 15, pale, 
ascending, the bases sometimes yellowish and the tips dark; central spines 4 to 7, 12 to 16 mm. long, 
much longer than the radials, dark brown, erect; flowers 1 cm. long; outer perianth-segments dark 
purple with lighter margins, entire; inner perianth-segments cream-colored to almost pale yellow; 
stamens pale; stigma-lobes green; fruit clavate, red, 15 cm. long; seeds brown. 
Type locality: Hills near Pichilinque Island near La Paz, Lower California. 
Distribution: Known only from the type locality. 
Plate vu, figure 3, shows one of the plants collected by Dr. Rose in 1911 which flowered 
in the New York Botanical Garden, July 2, 1912. 
6. Neomammillaria brandegeei (Coulter). 
Cactus brandegeei Coulter, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 3:96. 1894. 
Cactus gabbii Coulter, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 3:109. 1894. ; 
-—~Mammillaria gabbii Engelmann in K. Brandegee, Erythea 5: 116. 1897. 
Mammillaria brandegeet K. Brandegee, Erythea 5: 116. 1897. 
Cylindric to globular, flattened, solitary or in clusters of 2 to 8; tubercles angled ; axils woolly 
radial spines 9 to 16, 8 to 10 mm. long, yellowish brown; central spines 3 to 6, a little songer an 
darker than the radials; flowers 15 mm. long; outer perianth-segments ovate, striate, cl late inner 
perianth-segments greenish yellow, narrower than the outer, entire; fruit white (according to 
Schumann), bearing a few narrow scales. 
