88 THE CACTACEAE. 
~~ 29. Neomammillaria polythele (Martius). 
77 Mammillaria polythele Martius, Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 16: 328. 1832. 
_>Mamamillaria quadrispina Martius, Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 16: 329. 1832. 
7 Mammillaria columnaris Martius, Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 16: 330. 1832. 
Mammillaria affinis De Candolle, Mém. Cact. 11. 1834. 
>Mammillaria setosa Pfeiffer, Allg. Gartenz. 3: 379. 1835. 
Mammillaria polythele quadrispina Salm-Dyck in Walpers, Repert. Bot. 2: 271. 1843. 
Mamumiilaria polythele columnaris Salm-Dyck in Walpers, Repert. Bot. 2: 271. 1843. 
Mammillaria polythele setosa Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844.9. 1845. 
Mammillaria polythele hexacantha Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 15. 1850. 
Mammiullaria polythele lattimamma Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 112. 1850. / 
Cactus affinis Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 260. 1891. 
Cactus quadrispinus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 261. 1891. 
Cactus setosus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 261. 1891. 
Cactus polythele Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 261. 1891. 
? Mammillaria hidalgensis Purpus, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 17: 118. 1907. 
Elongated, cylindric, often 3 to 5 dm. high, 7 to 10 cm. in diameter; tubercles milky, in about 
21 spirals, 10 to 12 mm. long, nearly terete, somewhat narrowed toward apex, dull green; axils of 
young tubercles densely long-woolly, the wool nearly covering the top of the plant, in age becoming 
naked; spines 2 to 4, sometimes 6, all radial, somewhat spreading, 1 to 2.5 cm. long, reddish, straight 
or a little curved; flowers from near top of plant, reddish, 8 to 10 mm. long; perianth-segments 
narrow, acuminate; fruit red, clavate; seeds small, brownish. 
Type locality: Mexico. 
Distribution: State of Hidalgo. 
In 1905 Dr. Rose collected living plants of this species near Ixmiquilpan. It is a 
rather striking plant, growing very tall and flowering near the top. 
Schumann places this species in the Section Hydrochylus, in which the sap is watery, 
but Martius in his original description says definitely that it is milky. 
Mammiullaria aciculata Otto (Pfeiffer, Enum. Cact. 29. 1837; M. polythele aciculata 
Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 9. 1845) is referred here by Schumann but should be 
excluded; it came from the cold regions of Mexico and was described as having 20 white 
slender radial spines. 
Mammillaria columnaris minor Martius and M. quadrispina major, mentioned by 
Forster (Handb. Cact. 214, 215. 1846), probably belong here. . 
—= Mammillaria cataphracta Martius was given by Pfeiffer (Enum. Cact. 11. 1837) as a 
synonym of M. affinis and by Salm-Dyck (Hort. Dyck. 155. 1834) as a synonym of M. 
angularis. 
Illustrations: Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 16: pl. 19, as Mammillaria polythele; Monatsschr. 
Kakteenk. 17: 119; Mdéllers Deutsche Gart. Zeit. 25: 475. f. 8, No. 10, as M. hidalgensis; 
De Candolle, Mém. Cact. pl. 6, as M. affinis; Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Miinchen 2: pl. 
1, I. f. 2, as M. columnaris. 
Figure 80 is from a photograph of a plant collected in the state of Hidalgo in 1905 
which has heretofore passed as Mammillaria hidalgensis. . 
7 30. Neomammillaria carnea (Zuccarini). 
7 Mammillaria carnea Zuccarini in Pfeiffer, Enum. Cact. 19. 1837. 
>Mammillaria subtetragona Dietrich, Allg. Gartenz. 8: 169. 1840. 
77 Mammillaria aeruginosa Scheidweiler, Allg. Gartenz: 8: 338. 1840. 
Mammillaria pallescens Scheidweiler, Allg. Gartenz. 9: 42. 1841. 
Mammillaria villifera carnea Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 16. 1850. 
Mamamillaria villifera aeruginosa Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 16. 1850. 
Mammillaria villifera cirrosa* Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 115. 1850. 
Cactus aeruginosus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 260. 1891. 
Cactus carneus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 260. 1891. 
Cactus pallescens Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 261. 1891. 
Cactus subtetragonus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 261. 1891. 
Mammillaria carnea cirrosa Giirke, Bliihende Kakteen 1: under pl. 60. 1905. 
Mammillaria carnea aeruginosa Girke, Bliihende Kakteen 1: under pl. 60. 1905. 
Plants solitary, cylindric, 8 to 9 cm. high; tubercles 4-angled, milky, their axils woolly, the upper 
ones erect; spines 4, straight, reddish, the lower one 10 mm. long, twice as long as the other 3; flowers 
* Forster (Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 342. 1885) spells this name, cirrhosa. 
