102 THE CACTACEAE. 
Mammillaria polyedra spinosior Salm-Dyck (Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 17. 1850) is 
usually referred here, but was never described. 
Related to this species is the following: 
MAMMILLARIA ECHINOPS Scheidweiler, Hort. Belge 5:95. 1838. 
Simple, globose or a little broader than high, 8 cm. in diameter, lactiferous; tubercles ovoid, 
light green, somewhat 4-angled, lanate and setose in their axils; radial spines 12 or 13, the upper three 
much shorter, setose, the others about equal; central spines 4, stout when young, white, with rosy 
brown tips, these black in age; flowers not known; fruit red, clavate, 8 mm. long. 
Type locality: Mexico. 
We have not been able to associate this description or illustration with any species 
which we know. The author believed that it was related to Mammillaria polyedra. The 
setae in the axils of the tubercles suggest this relationship, but we believe that it is very 
distinct from that species. 
The original description seems to have been unknown to the compilers of the Index 
Kewensis and to Schumann, for they refer the name to Forster’s Handbuch, where it is 
used as a synonym of another species. Férster, followed by the Index Kewensis, refers it 
as a synonym of Mammillaria oothele, which is a very different plant if we can judge from 
the description. 
Illustration: Hort. Belge 5: pl. 5. 
50. Neomammillaria confusa sp. nov. 
At first solitary, becoming cespitose, globose to short-cylindric, deep green; axils densely 
white-woolly and setose ; tubercles short, a little flattened, 4-angled, pointed; spines 4 to 6, all radial, 
ascending, at first yellowish with brown tips, in age white below, 2 to 3 mm. long; flowers yellow, small, 
about 8 mm. long, opening for 2 or 3 successive days; outer perianth-segments ovate, ciliate, with a 
black tip; inner perianth-segments spreading, acute; filaments and style yellowish white; stigma- 
lobes 6, greenish yellow. 
In 1912 Dr. Rose obtained a plant from W. Mundt near Berlin which flowered in the 
New York Botanical Garden in April 1914 and in 1918 and which we have designated as 
the type. It is not known in the wild state, but is doubtless from Mexico. 
This is the plant which Schumann described and figured as Mammillaria pyrrhocephala, 
but it does not accord with the original description. 
Illustration: Bliithende Kakteen 1: pl. 20, as Mammillaria pyrrhocephala. 
Plate v, figure 2, shows the type plant. 
51. Neomammillaria villifera (Otto). 
Mammillaria villifera Otto in Pfeiffer, Enum. Cact. 18. 1837. 
Cactus villifer Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 261. 1891. 
Mammillaria carnea villifera Girke, Blithende Kakteen 1: under pl. 60. 1905. 
Subglobose, proliferous; axils lanate and setose; tubercles angled; areoles at first lanate, in age 
naked; spines 4, rigid, straight, the lowest one longer (8 mm. long), at first purplish, in age black; 
flowers pale rose-colored; inner perianth-sgements 14, acute; stigma-lobes 4 or 5: 
Type locality: Mexico. 
Distribution: Mexico, but range not known. 
The species is often referred to Mammillaria carnea, but the axils are setose. 
z 52. Neomammillaria polyedra (Martius). 
Mammillaria polyedra Martius, Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 16: 326. 1832. 
Mammillaria polytricha Salm-Dyck, Allg. Gartenz. 10: 289. 1842. 
Mammillaria polytricha hexacantha Salm-Dyck, Allg. Gartenz. 10: 289. 1842 
Mammillaria polytricha tetracantha Salm-Dyck, Allg. Gartenz. ro: 290. 1842 
Mammillaria polyedra laevior Salm-Dyck in Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 105 1853 
Mammillaria polyedra scleracantha Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 105. 1853 
Cactus polyedrus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 261. 1891 
Cactus polytrichus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 261. 1891. 
