258 THE CACTACEAE. 
stout-subulate, 4 to 6 mm. long, erect or ascending, slightly curved upward, dark green; glochids 
brownish; spines subulate, usually numerous, solitary or 2 together, light gray, except the brown 
tip, salmon-colored when dry, and faintly banded when wet; flowers often several on a joint; 
ovary obconic, nearly terete; sepals green, outer lanceolate to ovate, 4 to 8 mm. long, acuminate, 
the inner much larger, with shoulders of very broad body narrowed into stoutish tip; corolla bright 
yellow, 4.5 to 5.5 cm. wide; petals about 12, 2.5 to 3 cm. long, broadly obovate to cuneate-obovate, 
broadly rounded at apex, mucronate; anthers nearly 2 mm. long; berry clavate, about 3 cm. long, 
narrowed at base; umbilicus rather small, somewhat concave; seeds rather few, 4 to 4.5 mm. in 
diameter. 
Sand dunes, northeastern Florida. Type in the herbarium of the New York Botanical 
Garden; collected on dunes at Atlantic Beach, Florida, in April 1921, by J. K. Small. 
Dr. Small notes that the stiff spines may penetrate leather shoes and that the plant 
is very prolific, both vegetatively and through its fruit. 
Figure 235 is from a photograph taken by Dr. Small of the type plant. 
On page 110, vol. I, insert: 
Series 3a. PISCIFORMES. 
Plants in dense colonies with turgid, very spiny, narrow, deep green joints, the spines conspicu- 
ously long and slender, salmon-colored in the first year, gray in the second; flowers numerous, 
bright yellow; berry turbinate-obovoid, 4 cm. long or less. The only species inhabits Florida. 
96a. Opuntia pisciformis Small, sp. nov. 
__ Prostrate, copiously branched, forming dense mats often 1 to 3 meters in diameter, with joints 
piled several layers deep, roots fibrous; joints narrowly elliptic, linear-elliptic, or spatulate, mostly 
Fic. 236.—Opuntia pisciformis. 
1 to 3 dm. long, very thick, deep green, readily detached; leaves stout-subulate, 2 to 4 mm. long, 
incurved; areoles rather prominent, mostly armed; spines solitary or 2 or 3 together, cream-colored, 
becoming salmon-colored and gray with a dark tip when dry, salmon when wet the longer ones 5 
to 6 cm. long; flowers numerous; ovary turbinate, angular and tuberculate; sepals green, the outer 
lanceolate to triangular-lanceolate, 9 to 12 mm. long, acuminate, the inner much larger ‘the broad 
ovate or suborbicular base broadly tapering into the very stout tip; corolla bright yellow, 6 to 7.5 
cm. wide; petals about 12, 3 to 4 cm. long, broadly cuneate, mostly truncate or emarginate at apex, 
mucronate; anthers nearly 2 mm. long; berry broadly turbinate-obovoid, 3.5 to 4 cm. long, purple, 
narrowed at base, the umbilicus deeply concave; seeds rather numerous, 5 to 5.5 mm. in diameter. 
