34 
3. Aster Caubulicus. 
Herbaceus erectus ramosus, ramis obtuse angulatis fusco-pubescentibus 
foliis subsessilibus lanceolatis (supremis sublinearibus) acuminatis basi 
subattenuatis subundulatis inferioribus obscure dentatis supra impresso- 
reticulatim venosis glabris subtus pallidis ner\ds prominentibus subpubes- 
centibus^ corjmbis multifloris, pedicellis sparse foliosis pubescenti-subviscosis, 
involucri ovati squamis imbricatis 3-4-serialibus liueari-subulatis viridibus 
pubescentibus apice sphacelatis inferioribus 1-2 remotis bracteiformibus, 
acheniis compressis pilosis radii sterilibus. 
Hab. Caubul. Cult, in Hort. Kew, 1846. Keceived from Mr. Cameron 
of the Birmingham Garden. 
A pretty shrubby Ader, flowering in the Autumn in the open 
border, for it seems quite hardy, as late as October and probably 
till the frosts cut it ofi*. Two to three feet high, erect, branched, 
copiously leafy ; leaves, wuth axillary shoots, four inches long in 
the lower parts of the plant, two and three in the upper, where 
they become narrower and almost linear. Corymbs ample, many- 
flowered ; the flowers small but closely placed, ray pale and 
bright purple, disc deep yellow ; pappus in a single series almost 
white ; setae scabrous. 
Notice of the Pines introduced of late years into England^ and 
especially of the Pinus Austriaca ; hy the I^ev. J. Rogers. 
The Pinus Austriaca appears to have been introduced into 
England in the year 1835 : the English name is the Austrian 
or Black Pine, and it is also called the nigricans or nigrescens. 
Having been recommended to me as a hardy Pine, likely to do 
well in Cornwall, I began to plant it there in 1839, and reared 
489 trees that year, and was encouraged, by the satisfactory 
appearance of this Pine, to plant double the number in the 
following year; so that by the end of 1846 I had planted 28,739. 
It seems peculiarly adapted to bear the violent and blighting 
winds to which Cornwall is subject, and which render care and 
skill on the part of the cultivator, both in the selection of the 
trees best adapted to the climate, and in choosing the proper 
time and mode of planting, essentially necessary. Neither the 
Larch, the Scotch Fir, nor the Spruce, will stand the south-west 
and north-west winds ; the Pinaster has been hitherto considered 
the only Pine which endures our blighting winds without 
injury, and I believe that a larger proportion of this is planted 
