More than forty years ago Andrew Murray pointed out 
that this Chinese tree, introduced by Fortune, was not, as 
at first supposed, the Japanese “ Larix conifera, nucleis 
pyramidatis, foliis deciduis” of Kaempfer (Amoen. Exot. 
p. 833); therefore Pinus Kaempferi, Lamb. (Genus Pinus, 
ed. 3, 1832, p. 7) and the original Abies Kaempferi, Lindl. 
(Penny Cyclop. 1833, vol. i. p. 34) are not synonyms of 
Pseudolarix Fortunet. Moreover, these names were applied 
to the Japanese tree twenty years before the Pseudolariz 
was discovered. Lindley’s identification has caused much 
confusion in the synonymy of this species, but although 
Murray cleared it up, he did not introduce a new name, 
Kaempfer’s tree is Larix leptolepis, Gord., yet Franchet & 
Savatier, following others, cite it under Larix Kaempferi, 
Carr. (Pseudolari« Fortunei, Mayr), which is not a native 
of Japan, and was not, up toa few years ago, even cultivated 
in that country. It is true that Franchet & Savatier record 
it, on the authority of Miquel, as being in cultivation in 
Japan, adding that it was also very probably wild; but 
Mayr states positively that it was not in cultivation there 
up to 1890. Mayr has taken the step rendered necessary 
by Murray’s elucidation of the facts, and the late Dr. M. T. 
Masters has accepted Mayr’s name in the most recent 
revision of the Chinese Coniferae (Journ. Linn. Soc. Nov. 1, 
1906, vol. xxxvii. p. 424), as he had previously done in the 
place cited above. But as long ago as 1847 Endlicher 
(Synopsis Coniferae, p. 130) cited Kaempfer’s Larix conifera 
under his Pinus leptolepis, syn. Abies leptolepis, Sieb. & 
Zuce., having apparently overlooked the publication of 
Pinus Kaempferi, Lamb. 
Fortune discovered this tree in the mountains of Chekiang, : 
and sent seeds to England in the winter of 1853. He had 
formed a high opinion of its value as an ornamental tree, 
_ and took infinite trouble to ensure its introduction. Writing 
in 1860 he says: “I used every means in my power to 
introduce its seeds in large quantities and in good condition. 
They were sent by the overland mail, some in letters and 
some in small packages, for several years in succession, 
and were often sown in England in less than two months 
from the time they were gathered from the tree in China. 
Out of all sent home only one despatch vegetated freely ; 
all the others were complete failures, All the plants of 
