Spermacoce. | LXXV. RUBIACEX. (J. D. Hooker.) 201 
flat or waved, capsule hispid or pubescent, seeds oblong granulate opaque. 
Roxb, Fl. Ind. i. 873; Wall. Cat. 825; W. & A. Prodr. 438; Dalz. A Gtbs. 
Bomb. FI. 111. S. articularis, Linn. f.; Roxb. L c. 972; Wall. Cat. 827; 
W.& A.l. c.; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, ii. 137. S. scabra, Willd. ; Roxb. 
l.c. 971; Wall. Cat. 824. S. hirta, Rottler in Nov. Act. Berol. 1803, 95. S. 
longicaulis, Wall.; avana, Wall.; ramosissima, Wall.; and tubularis, Br. in 
Wall. Cat. 826, 828, 829, 836.— Burm. Thes. Zeylan. t. 20, f. 3. Rheede Hort. 
Mai. ix. t. 76. 
Throughout India, from the Western Hrwaraxa at Simla, ascending to 3000 ft. to 
Assam, and southwards to CEYLON and SixGaPoRE.— DisTRiB. S. China, Malayan 
Archipelago. 
Root annual or perennial; branches 6-14 in., ascending, stout, 4-angled, scabrous 
uirsute or glabrous. Leaves 3-14 by 4-4 in, often rounded at the tip, rigidly coria- 
ceous, pale when dry, margins sometimes thickened and cartilaginous, usually very 
scabrid above; nerves rarely impressed. Flowers 4-6 in a whorl; bracteoles filiform, 
equalling the calyx. Calyx-teeth linear-lanceolate. Corolla 3-3 in., blue or white. 
Stigmas 2, very short. Capsule pubescent or hispid, rounded at the base. Seeds very 
variable, +4 in. long, narrow or broad.—A maritime Carnatie form has very hairy 
branches and stout waved apiculate leaves with cartilaginous edges; it is Roxburgh's 
typical S. hispida, and passes by insensible gradations into other forms. 
4. S. scaberrima, Blume Bijd.946 ; leaves elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate 
acute scabrid above with deeply impressed nerves, capsule glabrous, seeds oblong 
granulate shining. DC. Prodr. iv. 555; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. ii. 331. 
Maracca, Griffith.—Disrrm. Sumatra, Java, Banca. 
Rather stout, 12-16 in., brown when dry; branches ascending, rather shining, 
nearly glabrous but scabrid or retrorsely hairy on the angles below the nodes. Leaves 
1—14 in., subsessile, rigidly coriaceous, very scabrid above, hardly so beneath ; nerves 
very oblique. Flowers few. Corolla not seen. Calya-teeth lanceolate. Capsule 
brown. Seeds small, oblong, with a large ventral cavity. 
DOUBTFUL SPECIES. 
S. Burmannt, DC. Prodr. iv. 555. S. corymbosa, Burm. Fl. Ind. 34, non Linn., is 
undeterminable. 
S.? procumprns, Linn.; DC.1. c. is probably a Hedyotis. 
S.? HEDYOTIDEA, DC. Le Hedyotis fruticosa, Retz Obs. ii. 8, an Linn.? See p. 49. 
88. GAILLONIA, 4. Rich. 
Low rigid shrubs. Leaves small, opposite, linear or subulate; stipules 
usually connate with the petioles into an entire sheath with 2 bristles or obso- 
lete. Flowers small, solitary, or in simple spiciform cymes, white. Calya-limb 
2-5-toothed, dilated after flowering into a scarious crenate wing or feathery 
bristles. Corolla funnel-shaped, throat naked; lobes 4-5, valvate in bud. 
Stamens 4-5, in the throat or tube of the corolla, filaments short; anthers 
linear-oblong. Disk inconspicuous. Ovary 2-celled; style filiform, arms 2 
short; ovules 1 in each cell on the centre of the septum, amphitropous. Fruit 
ovoid, of 2 terete indehiscent cocci crowned with the enlarged calyx. Seeds 
oblong, grooved ventrally, albumen horny; cotyledons flat, radicle slender 
'inferior.—Dr1srRIB. Species 10, N. African and W. Asian, 
l. G. calycoptera, Jaub. § Spach Ill. Pl. Or. i. 147, t. 80; glabrous, 
leaves linear, stipules of the floral leaves minutely 6-8-toothed, flowers spicate, 
fruit with erect wings. Boiss. FT, Or. iii. 15, Spermacoce calyptera, Dene, 
Flor. Sinaic. 29, 
