EON Thur PM id " = GE Mier, d Ze Ee) 
Nardostachys.] — xxxvi. vALERIANE&. (C. B. Clarke.) 211 
N. Jatamansi, DC. Mem. Valer. 7, t. 1, Prodr. iv. 624; Royle Il. 
242-244, t. 54. N. grandiflora, DC. I. c. 8, t. 2, Prodr. iv. 624; Wall. Pl. As. 
Rar. iii. 40. Patrinià Jatamansi, Don Prodr. 159, «nd in Lamb, Cinch. 177, 
with fig. Valeriana Jatamansi, Wail. Cat. 431, not of Jones and Roxb. Fedia 
grandiflora, Wall. Cat. 1187. 
Arten Hiwarava, alt. 11-15,000 ft.; from Kumaon to SixxrM, ascending to 
17,000 ft. in Sikkim, J. D. H. 
Rootstock woody, long, stout, covered with fibres from the petioles of withered 
leaves. Stem 4-24 in., more or less pubescent upwards, often glabrate below, sub- 
scapose. Radical leaves 6-8 by 1 in., longitudinally nerved, glabrous or slightly 
pubescent, narrowed into the petiole ;. cauline 1 or 2 pairs, 1-3 in. long, sessile, oblong 
or subovate. Flower-heads usually 1, 3 or 5; bracts } in., oblong, usually pubescent. 
Corolla-tube + in. long, somewhat hairy within, as are the filaments below. Fruitẹ in. 
long, covered with ascending white hairs, crowned by the ovate, acute, often dentate 
calyx-teeth.—There are two forms of this plant: a large-flowered, with usually 
glabrous bracts, and a smaller one, with the corolla-tube scarcely } in. long, and the 
bracts densely shortly hairy; various intermediates occur. The product spikenard 
discussed by Sir W. Jones (Asiat. Research. ii. 405) was doubtless derived from Nar- 
dostachys; but the plant figured as Valeriana Jatamansi is V. Wallichii, DC. 
3. VALERIANA, Linn. 
Perennial herbs (the Indian species). Leaves entire pinnatifid or pinnate, 
radical often long-petioled and undivided. Cymes corymbosely panicled ; bracts 
small, oblong or linear, persistent, free or nearly so. Calyx-limb in flower ob- 
scure, unrolling in fruit into 5-15 plumose bristles united at base into a short 
wide funnel-shaped tube. | Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, base equal or sub-gibbous ; 
lobes 5, spreading, pink or white. Stamens 3. Ovary 3-celled, l-ovuled ; 
stigma shortly 2-3-fid or subentire. Fruit oblong-lanceolate, compressed, plano- 
convex, with 3 dorsal, 1 ventral, and 2 submarginal ribs, l-celled, the 2 barren 
cells obsolete, crowned by the persistent pappus-like calyx.— DIsTRIB. Species 
150, in moist temperate and cool regions. 
l. V. dioica, Linn.; DC. Prodr. iv. 637 ; glabrous, radical leaves long- 
petioled ovate entire obtuse, cauline pinnatifid, lateral lobes few narrow terminal 
obtuse, fruit glabrous. Boiss. Fl. Orient. ii. 85. V. pusilla, Royle Ill. 241. 
TEMPERATE WESTERN HIMALAYA, from Kashmir to the Karakorum, alt. 11-13,000 
ft.; frequent, C. B. Clarke, &c., and in Lahul, Jaeschke.—DisrRiB. N.W. Asia, 
Europe. 
Rootstock slender, decumbent, stoloniferous. Stem 8-16 in., erect, simple, nodes 
microscopically pilose. Flowers diecious or polygamo-monecious; corymbs of 4 
compact, of 9 more lax, especially in fruit; upper bracts } in., broadly linear, usually 
exceeding the fruit. 
2. V. officinalis, Linn.; DC. Prodr. iv. 641 ; subglabrous, leaves pinnate, 
segments numerous narrow entire or toothed, corymb large lax, fruit glabrous. 
Boiss. Fl. Orient. iii. 89. V. dubia, Bunge in Ledeb. Fl. Alt. i. 52; Ledeb. Ic. 
Fi. Ross. t. 350. 
Nortu Kasumir; Sonamurg, alt. 8-9000 ft., Thomson, Levinge, C. B. Clarke; 
Kunzlwan, alt. 7500 ft., C. B. Clarke.—DisrRrB. North and West Asia, Europe. 
Rootstock short, suberect, hardly thicker than the stem, stoloniferous. Stem 1-3 
ft., erect, corymbose above, nodes minutely hairy. Radical leaves 0 at flowering time 
or pinnate; the leaves on lateral autumn offsets near the root are often oyate entire 
or slightly toothed; cauline several, all pinnate; lobes (in the Indian plant, which is 
exactly V. dubia, Burge) narrowly oblong or linear, often entire, much or sparingly 
toothed. Upper bracts i; in., oblong-linear, shorter than the fruits. +The European 
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