LXXVII. DIPSACEHZ. (C. B. Clarke.) 21% 
entire and sparingly irregularly toothed, fruit ovate-oblong pubescent or hairy 
barren cells as large as the fertile, calyx-limb shortly cylindric truncate reticu- 
lately nerved with one long horizontal linear tooth as long as the capsule or 
nearly so. Krok. Valerianella, 58, t. 2, fig. 17; Bowss. Fi. Orient. iii. 101. V. 
Aucheri, Boiss. Diagn. 1 ser. iii. 58. 
Kasuwrn, alt. 6—6000 ft., Falconer, Thomson, &e. 
Stem 2-20 in., minutely pubescent. Leaves 2 by 3 in., glabrous or obscurely 
puberulous. Corymbs in fruit subpaniculate; bracts small, narrow-oblong. Fruit 
4-4 in. scarcely curved, hairy especially on one side, or pubescent, or with micro- 
scopic short hairs resembling glistening dots. 
OrDER LXXVII. DIPSACEZÆ. (By C. B. Clarke.) 
Herbs or (non-Indian species) rarely shrubs, glabrous, hairy, or prickly. 
Leaves opposite or whorled, exstipulate, sometimes connate at the base, entire, 
toothed, lobed or pinnate. Flowers scattered in cymes, whorled in spikes, or 
more often in dense heads, surrounded by bracts; bracteoles often present as 
scales of the receptacle; ovary free or adnate to a narrow funnel-shaped or utri- 
cular enveloping involucel. Caly2-tube adnate to the ovary, usually constricted 
above it; limb expanded, cup-shaped or bristly. Corolla funnel-shaped; limb 
2-5-fid, equal or 2-lipped, or iu the ray-flowers 2-labiate ; disk-flowers equal. 
Stamens 4 or 2, inserted high on the corolla-tube ; anthers exserted, linear-oblong. 
Ovary l-celled ; style filiform, stigma capitate or linear terminal or lateral; 
ovule 1, pendulous. Achene dry, enveloped by the involucel and often adnate 
‘thereto, crowned usually by the calyx-limb. Seed pendulous, albumen copious 
or scanty; embryo straight, radicle superior.—DIsTRIB. Species 120, chiefly 
Mediterranean, Western Asiatic, South African, Japanese, and Cingalese ; none 
in America, Polynesia, or Australia. 
Flowers small, scattered in 2-3-chotomous cymes. . . . . . . l. TnrPLOSTEGIA. 
Flowers 2-lipped, whorled on a apike Sae a e s e to RRE 
Flowers in dense peduncled heads, calyx-limb muticous . . . . 3. DrPsacus. 
Flowers in heads, calyx-limb bristly. . . . . . . . . . . 4. ScaBiosa. 
1. TRIPLOSTEGIA, Wal. 
An erect, perennial, slender herb, glandular-pubescent upwards. Leaves 
petioled, toothed or pinnatifid, uppermost distant, small, sessile. Cymes lax, 
2-8-chotomous; bracts at the divisions, small, narrow-oblong; flowers very 
small, sessile or shortly pedicelled, with 2 opposite, free, narrow-lanceolate, small 
bracts, and 4 similar bracteoles, glandular; involucel an 8-ribbed utricle, nearly 
closed at the mouth over the fruit. Calyx-limb minute, obscurely toothed. 
Corolla-tube funnel-shaped ; lobes 5, equal, spreading, pink-purple. Stamens 4, 
inserted near the base of the corolla-tube, subincluded. Style linear, stigma 
capitate. Achene shortly beaked, free within the utricular involucel, obscurely 
4-ribbed, crowned by the unaltered calyx-limb. Seed pendulous, albumen 
plentiful; embryo scarcely shorter than the seed. 
1. TT. glandulifera, Wall. Cat. 436; DC. Prodr.iv. 642. T. glandulosa, 
DC. Mem. Valer. 20, t. 5. 
TEMPERATE and ALPINE HIMALAYA, alt. 8-14,000 ft. ; from Gurwhal to Bhotan, 
Wallich, &c. 
Rootstock slender, horizontal. Stem 6-24 in., erect, simple or corymbosely 
branched, below pubescent or nearly glabrous, above with hairs tipped by large glands. 
Leaves 2 by 1 in., hairy. Flowers i in. Achenes 3 in.; involucel as long.—In fruit 
the ovary-wall becomes excessively thin, and on a cross-section may be mistaken for~“ 
