Vernonia. | LXXVIII. composit#. (J. D. Hooker.) 235 
Benar, on Parusnath, alt. 4000 ft. Cxnrrat Ten, and from the Concan to the 
Travancor Mrs., Rancoon, BIRMA, and TENASSERIM. 
Stem shrubby, 4-8 ft. Leaves 2-5 by 1-4 in., varying much in texture; nerves 
spreading, reticulate beneath. Heads 4 in. diam., usually clustered; peduncles very 
short; invol. bracts with greenish tips; corolla glabrous. Achenes e in.; pappus 
7 in., hairs scabrid, outer very few or 0.— This cannot be the plant deseribed by 
amilton as V. aspera (as supposed by Kurz), for that is stated to have a short outer 
pappus. and to be Roxburgh's Eupatorium asperum; as, however, Wallieh's 3032 B. 
(under Conyza multiflora) is an authentic specimen of Hamilton's V. aspera, and so 
named, it is probable that this author had two plants under his eye. 
20. V. chinensis, Less. in Linnea, vi. 674; puberulous or tomentose, 
branches slender terete, leaves sessile or petioled ovate elliptic or elliptic-lanceo- 
late subserrate, heads 20-30-flowered scattered or 2-3-nate,invol. bracts pubescent 
lanceolate awned, achenes 4—5-ribbed glabrous glandular, pappus white. Clarke 
Comp. Ind. 18. V. albicans, DC. in Wight Contrib. 6; Prodr. v. 26, in part. 
Cyanopis pubescens and villosa, DC. Prodr. v. 69. Conyza chinensis, Lamk. 
Dict. ii. 88, not of Linn. C. punctulata, Wall. Cat. 2995. Eupatorium men- 
thefolium, Wall. Cat. Isonema ovata, Cass. in Dict. Se. Nat. xxiv. 25. 
Cynanthillium villosum and pubescens, Blume Bijd. 889 and 890. Centratherum 
chinense, Less. in Linnea, 1829, 320.—Synanthera, Wall. Cat. 7136. 
Eastern PENINSULA, from Pegu to Malaeca.—DisrTRrE. Java, China, Philippines. 
Annual; branches divaricate. Leaves 1-3 in., membranous, Heads A in. diam. ; 
peduncles slender; invol. bracts not numerous, glabrous or puberulous; receptacle 
pitted; corolla glabrous. Achenes d in.; pappus 4 in, hairs few, outer 0.—Conyza 
patula, Ait. Hort. Kew, v. 26, quoted under this by Lessing, is a very doubtful Chinese 
plant. 
2]. V. saligna, DC. Prodr. v. 93; much branched, glabrous or slightly 
scabrid, leaves sessile or shortly petioled elliptic-obloug or oblanceolate acumi- 
nate coarsely serrate, heads 6-12-flowered in terminal branched rounded corymbs, 
inner invol. bracts linear-oblong acute or acuminate scarious purplish outermost 
subulate, achenes strongly 10-ribbed glabrous, pappus redaish or white. Clarke 
Comp. Ind. 13. V. lougicaulis, DC. l. c. Conyza saligna, Wall. Cat. 3061. 
Eupatorium longicaule, Wall. Cat. 3169. 
TropicaL IHrwALAYA, from Nipal eastward, ascending to 4000 ft.; Assam, KHASIA 
Mrs., Currracona, and BIRMA. 
A coarse, leafy, almost shrubby, very variable herb. Leaves 3-6 by 4-24 in., 
rather rigid, often a little seabrid on both surfaces. Heads 4-5 in. diam.; peduncles 
slender; invol. bracts rigid, outermost very short, subulate, inner à in. <Achenes yo 
in., compressed ; pappus } in., outer hairs 0. 
Var. ? nilghirensis; branches and inflorescence glandular-pubescent, pappus pale 
reddish-brown.—Nilgherry Mts., Wight (Kew Distrib. 1525), Clarke.—This much 
resembles H. pectiniformis. 
22. V. setigera, Arn. Pugill. 27 ; tomentose or villous, branches grooved, 
leaves petioled ovate acuminate serrate, heads 6-10-flowered small in rounded 
terminal ebracteate corymbs, invol. bracts few linear shortly awned, achenes 
4-5-angled nearly glabrous glandular, pappus yellowish. DC. Prodr. vii. 263; 
Clarke Comp. Ind. 18. V. neilgheryensis, Thwaites Enum. 160, not of DC. 
Cryton; Central Province, alt. 6-7000 ft., Walker, &c. 
Erect, stout or slender, much branched, leafy. Leaves 2-3 in., narrowed into the 
petiole, glabrate above, black when dry. Corymbs lax, ebracteate ; heads } in. diam., 
obconic; invol. bracts few, puberulous; corolla glabrous. Achenes ig in, with a few 
short hairs; pappus E in., outer very short or 0. 
23. V. Hookeriana, Arn. Pugill. 28; hoary-puberulous, branches terete 
