Vernonia. | LXXVIII. composir£. (J. D. Hooker.) 239 
Conyza extensa, Wall. Cat. 3016. Gymnanthemum extensum, Steetz in Peters 
Mosamb. Bot. 397. 
CentraL and Eastern Tropicat Hatz: Nipal, Wallich ; Sikkim, J. D. H.; 
Bhotan, Griffith. 
Erect, 6-8 ft., branched. eaves 6-10 by 24-3 in., narrowed into a short or long 
petiole, membranous. Heads } in. diam., longer than broad; peduncles very slender; 
invol. scales not numerous, hard, closely imbricate, puberulous, inner 4 in. ; corolla 
pubescent. Achenes } in.; pappus § in., outer hairs few or 0.—Clarke likens this to 
V. blanda, and suggests its being a variety of that plant, but the sharply serrate long 
leaves are very different. 
36. V. pectiniformis, DC. in Wight Contrib. 2; Prodr. v. 31; 
shrubby, branches glabrate pubescent scabrid villous or glandular, leaves 
petioled elliptic-lanceolate acuminate serrate glabrous or scabrid above puberulous 
pubescent or tomentose beneath usually many-nerved, heads 10-26-flowered in 
short broad terminal corymbs, inner invol. bracts oblong obtuse or apiculate, 
outer small acuminate, achenes glabrous, pappus dirty white or reddish. Arn. 
Pugill. 27 ; Wight Ic. t. 1077. V. puncticulata, DC. Prodr. vii, 264, Lysi- 
stemma pectiniforme, Steetz in Peters Mosamb. Bot. 343. 
Nireuerry Mrs., alt. 8000 ft. Cxynon ; central province, alt. 6-7000 ft., Watker, 
&e. 
Branches usually stout, ribbed and grooved. Leaves often close-set, 3-6 by 1-2} 
in., rigid, narrowed into the petiole, nerves 6-12 pair. Heads } in, diam, peduncles 
short; invol. bracts hard, concave, usually with rounded coloured tips, outer gradually 
smaller, often subulate and recurved; receptacle fimbriate; corolla glabrous. 
Achenes } in.; pappus ġ in long, outer hairs short, sometimes numerous, most red in 
Ceylon specimens. 
37. V. arborea, Ham. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xiv. 218; a tree, branches 
and corymbs pubescent tomentose or woolly, leaves large petioled elliptie or 
elliptic-ovate acuminate quite entire glabrous or beneath pubescent, base acute 
rounded or cordate, heads 1-6-flowered small in large leafless terminal panicles, 
invol. bracts very small oblong obtuse, achenes compressed or 3-4-gonous ob- 
scurely 8-10-ribbed puberulous, pappus white or yellowish hairs persistent all 
equal. DC. Prodr. v. 22; Kurz For. Fl. ii. 80. V. javanica, DC. l. c.; Bedd. 
For. Man. 125. V. Blumeana and celebica, DC. l. c.22. Eupatorium celebicum 
and javanicum, Biume Bijd. 903. Conyza acuminata and arborea, Wall. Cat. 
3034 A., 3074. ? Gymnanthemum acuminatum, Steetz. in Peters Mosamb. Bot. 
336, 
Assam, the Kmasra Mrs, SILHET, Cacnar, BIRMA, TENASSERIM, Maracca, and 
SINGAPORE. WxsrERN PexinsuLa on the Ghats, from the Concan, southwards. 
CEYLON, ascending to 5000 ft.—Disrrre. Java, Borneo, Philippines. 
A large shrub or small tree. Leaves 5-8 by 2-3 in., coriaceous, quite glabrous in 
northern specimens, more or less pubescent in Malayan ; petiole 3-1 in. Heads iin. 
diam. ; involucre small; bracts few, Ze in long, tomentose ; corolla glabrous. Achenes 
A in., pale; pappus 4 in., hairs few, all equal and in one row.—A Philippine Island's 
var. has branches inflorescence and leaves beneath densely clotted with white or buff 
velve'ty pubescence. The Malaccan and Silhet forms have the leaves usually quite 
glabrous, the Tenasserim ones pubescent, the Ceylon densely pubescent. 
Var. ? Wightiana; branches leaves beneath and inflorescence very densely woolly, 
petioles usually shorter and stout, heads often l-fld. V. monosis, DC. in Wight 
Contrib, 5; Ie. t. 1085; Clarke Comp. Ind. 24; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 225. Conyza 
Wightiana, Wall. Cat. 3028.— Western Peninsula, on the Ghats, from the Concan 
southwards.—I can scarcely doubt this being a form of V. arborea, with which it 
perfectly agrees in the form of the leaves, heads, achenes, and pappus. but the 
petioles are usually very short and thick, as in P. solanifolia, sometimes however 
long and slender as figured by Wight. 
