243 LXXVII. compostrz. (J. D. Hooker.) [ Elephantopus. 
6. ELEPHANTOPTUS, Linn. 
Rigid herbs, Leaves alternate. Heads homogamous of 2-5 flowers col- 
lected into a head-like cluster. 7nvolucre compressed ; bracts about 8, dry, stiff, 
alternately flat and conduplicate ; receptacle naked. Flowers all equally 4-lobed 
and cleft on one side and with the lobes spreading somewhat palmately. 
Anther-bases obtuse, Style-arms subulate. Achenes truncate, 10-ribbed ; 
appus bristles rigid, shining, slender and dilated below or chaff-like.— DISTRIB. 
pecies 10-12, chiefly tropical American, with one cosmopolitan. 
1, E. scaber, Linn.; DC. Prodr. v. 86; dichotomously branched, 1-2 ft. 
high, strigose scabrid and villous, radical leaves obovate-oblong crenate cauline 
few sessile, heads clusters of 1 in. diam. surrounded by cordate leafy bracts, 
invol bracts pungent, achenes hairy, pappus of 4-5 rigid bristles dilated 
at the base. Wall. Cat. 2979; Wight Ic. t. 1086; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 445; 
Don Prodr. 169; Dalz. § Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 122; Clarke Comp. Ind. 28.— 
Rheede Hort. Mal. x. t. 7. 
Throughout Inpia, from the Punjab ? to CkvroN and SINGAPORE. —DISTRIB. 
Tropical Asia, Australia and America. 
The embryo not unfrequently germinates in the head. 
Trie: Il. BUPATORIEEX. 
7. ADENOSTEMMA, Forst. 
Glabrous or glandular-pubescent herbs. Leaves mostly opposite. Heads 
corymbose, homogamous. —Znrolucre campanulate; bracts many, sub-2-seriate, 
narrow, herbaceous, sometimes connate; receptacle flat, naked. Corollas all 
equal, tubular, regular; tube short; limb campanulate, 5-toothed. Anthers 
truncate with a glandular tip, base obtuse. Style-arms elongate, dilated above. 
Achenes obtuse, 5-ribbed, glandular ; pappus hairs 3-5, short, rigid, often clavate, 
inserted in a short ring.—DrsrRrB. Species 5 or 6 American, 1 cosmopolitan. 
l. A. viscosum, Forst; DC. Prodr. v. iii.; Clarke Comp. Ind. 28. 
Throughout Innia ; ascending to 5000 ft. on the Himalaya and other ranges, and 
to 6000 in Ceylon.—Disrrin. All tropical countries. 
An erect rarely decumbent annual, glabrous pubescent or viscidly pubescent, 
slender or robust. Leaves sessile or petioled, opposite or the upper alternate, from 
linear to broadly ovate, serrate. Heads few or many, in lax or dense panicles or 
corymbs; invol. bracts oblong, obtuse or acute, glabrous glandular or scabrid.—Of 
this most variable plant there is but one species. Clarke distinguishes the following 
marked Indian forms. 
Var. l. typica ; leaves oblong-lanceolate subacute crenate glabrescent, achenes 
sparingly warted. DC.l.c. A. leiocarpum, DC. in Wight. Contrib. 9; Prodr. l. c. 
A. Roylei, DC. l.c. 112. A. rivale, Dalz. in Hook. Kew Journ. iii. 231 ; Dalz. & Gibs. 
Bomb. Fl. 122. A. angustifolium, Arn. Pugill. 29; DC. Le vii. 266. Lavenia alba, 
Wall. Cat. 3220. Ageratum aquaticum, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 61; Fl. Ind. iii. 415. 
Van. 2. elata; leaves broadly ovate or cordate nearly glabrous, achenes and invol, 
bracts as in Var. 1. A. elatum, DC. Le 112; ? Don Prodr. 181. A. aquaticum, 
Don l.c. A. microcephalum, DC. l.c. Lavenia erecta and carnosa, Wall. Cat. 3218 
in part, 3219. Ageratum strictum, Bot. Mag. t. 2410. 
Van. 3. latifolia; leaves broadly ovate or cordate nearly glabrous sometimes 
very large, achenes densely warted. A. latifolium, DC, l.c. 112; Don Prodr. 181. 
Lavenia erecta, Wall. Cat. 3218 C.—one of the best marked varieties. 
Van. 4. parviflora; leaves elliptic glabrous membranous, branches of panicle 
slender, achenes small densely warted. A. macrophyllum and parviflorum, DC. Le 
ii. 113. Lavenia macrophylla and parviflora, Blume Bijd. 905, 906. Lavenia 
viscida, Wall. Cat. 3222 A. d 
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