288 LXXVIII. composit#. (J. D. Hooker.) [ Phagnalon. ` 
sometimes minutely tailed. Style-arms of 9 slender, obtuse, truncate or sub- 
capitate. -Achenes small, not ribbed; pappus hairs l-seriate, slender, rigid, 
persistent.— DrsrRrB. About 14 species, Mediterranean and W. Asiatic. 
P. niveum, Edgew. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xx. 68; branches and leaves 
beneath snow-white with dense cottony wool, leaves from obovate to elliptic- 
oblong or linear-oblong entire or sinuate-toothed, heads axillary.—P. denticu- 
latum, Clarke Comp Ind. 113, and Herb, Ind. Or. H. f. § T., not of Dene. 
Western HimatayaA and Western Triper; from Garwhal to Kashmir, alt.. 
6—8000 ft. 
Branches 4-10 in., short and leafy or slender with scattered foliage. Leaves 1-13 
in., sometimes spathulate and much narrowed into the sessile base, glabrous or cottony 
above. Heads 4-3 in. diam.; peduncles 1-3 in., slender; invol. bracts subulate, 
straight, gradually narrowed to an acicular point, purplish, cottony and hoary.— 
Elongated branches a good deal resemble P. acuminatwm, Boiss. of Beluchistan, but 
the invol. bracts are different. 
42. GNAPHALIUM, Linn. 
Hoary or woolly herbs. eaves alternate, quite entire. Heads small, in 
terminal or axillary corymbs or fascicles, heterogamous, disciform; flowers all 
fertile, outer 9, 2-00 -seriate, filiform, 3-4-toothed ; disk-fl. Y , fewer, slender, 
limb dilated 5-toothed. Involucre ovoid or campanulate ; bracts  -seriate, 
all scarious or with a white yellow or brown more or less scarious blade ; recep- 
tacle naked or pitted. Anther-bases sagittate, cells with slender tails. Style- 
arms of % truncate or capitate. -Achenes oblong or obovoid, not ribbed ; pappus- 
hairs l-seriate, slender or thickened at the tip, caducous, connate at the base or 
not.—Drsrris. Cosmopolitan. About 100 species. 
This genus is hardly distinguishable from Helichrysum and from Anaphalis, of 
which G. luteo-album and hypoleucum have entirely the habit. 
* Heads in corymbose leafless clusters. 
l. G. luteo-album, Linn.; Boiss. Fl. Orient. ii. 224; woolly, stem 
corymbosely branched above, leaves woolly on both surfaces oblong-spathulate 
obtuse upper lanceolate acute J-amplexicaul, heads whitish yellow or brown 
shining, invol. bracts oblong obtuse, achenes tubercled or with minute curved 
bristles, Clarke Comp. Ind. 114. G. orixense and G. albo-luteum, Roxb. Fl. 
Ind. iii. 425, —Synanthera, Wall. Cat. 7415. 
Throughout Inp1a; from Kashmir to Birma and southwards to Martaban, ascend- 
ing to 10,000 ft. in Sikkim.—DisrTRiB. Most hot and warm temperate counties. 
A very variable annual 4-12 in. high, with leaves 1-2 in. long, rarely more than 
3 in. broad, and leafless, dense corymbose clusters of glistening heads. The European 
form with very pale heads does not occur east of Affzhanistan; the two following 
extend eastwards to Japan. 
Var. 1. multiceps; stems usually many from the root, heads golden-yellow.—G. 
multiceps, Wall. Cat. 2949; DC. Prodr. vi. 222. OG. ramigerum and confusum, 
DC. l. c. Q. affine, Don Prodr. 173. G. martabanieum, Wall. Cat. 2950.—The 
Himalaya and Khasia Mts., near the foot of the hills, rarer on the plains, Mar- 
taban, Wallich. Mt. Aboo, King. 
Van. 2. pallidum; heads pale brown.—G. pallidum, Ham. im Wall. Cat. 2953, 
Very common. 
2. G. hypoleucum, DC. in Wight Contrib. 21; Prodr. vi. 222 ; stem 
above and leaves beneath woolly, leaves sessile linear acuminate puberulous or 
scaberulous above, base dilated l-amplexicaul, heads many in corymbose dense 
