Gnaphalium.] xxv. composira. (J. D. Hooker.) 289 
clusters, invol. bracts oblong obtuse yellowish or golden glistening, achenes 
papillose. Clarke Comp. Ind. 114; Wight Ic. t. 1114. 
TEMPERATE HIMAIAYA ; from Kashmir to Bhotan, alt. 37000 ft. Kasia Mrs., 
alt. 38-5000 ft. Marwar, Mt. Aboo, Herb. Dalzell, King. NiramERRY Mrs, alt. 
5-7000 ft, —DrisrRrs. China, Japan, Abyssinia. 
A usually taller and often stouter annual than G. luteo-album, easily distinguished 
by the longer very acuminate leaves woolly beneath only, with often broadly auricled 
bases. The Nilgherry specimens have paler heads. 
** Heads in leafy spikes. 
3. G. indicum, Linn; DC. in Wight Contrib. 22; Prodr. vi. 231; softly 
cottony, stems many from the root ascending leafy, leaves linear-obovate or 
spathulate apiculate, heads à in. diam. in simple or branched leafy spikes or 
racemose clusters, invol. bracts linear-oblong acute pale reddish-brown or 
yellowish, achenes minutely papillose, pappus-hairs not coherent at the base. 
Wall. Cat. 2954; Boiss. Fl. Orient. iii. 225; Clarke Comp. Ind. 114; Dalz. A 
Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 150; G. strictum and multicaule, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 424, 425. 
G. nilaicum, Raddi; DC. l.c. G. spathulatum, Del. Fl. Ægypt. 122, t. 44, f. 
2, not of Lamk. 
Throughout Inp1a on the plains, from the Punjab eastwards to Birma and Mar- 
taban, ascending 1000 ft. in the Himalaya.—DrsrRre. Westwards to Senegal and 
eastwards to China, Japan and Australia. 
Branches slender, 4-6 in. Leaves $-13 in. Heads d in. diam., sometimes crowded 
and forming ovoid clusters. 
G. ruRPUREUM, Linn.; DC. Prodr. vi. 182; annual, sparsely cottony, 
stems many from the root stout ascending, leaves spathulate tip broadly rounded, 
heads } in. diam. in spicate globose clusters, invol. bracts linear subacute 
shining, achenes minutely papillose, pappus-hairs cohering at the base. 
Upper Ganeertic plain, Falconer. Jugulliri, Edgeworth. Meerut, Moradabad and 
Bignore, Thomson, no doubt introduced.—Disrris. N. & S. America. 
This closely resembles G. indicum, but is a very much larger stouter plant, with 
stems 12-18 in. high, and leaves attaining 4 inches; the heads, too, are twice as large. 
Amongst a very larve suite of specimens of indicum, from all parts of India I find 
none approaching this. The cohesion of the pappus hairs by their very base is a very 
marked charaeter. 
4. G. Stewartii, Clarke mss.; cottony, stem short leafy, leaves linear 
erect or recurved acute radical rosulate, heads i in. diam. in lax or dense leafy 
racemes, invol. bracts linear-oblong acute and obtuse chestnut-brown, achenes 
subsilky or scabrid, pappus-hairs not cohering. 
WESTERN HIMALAYA, Stewart. Kasumir, alt. 10,000 ft., Aitchison. WESTERN 
Triprt; Karakoram, alt. 13,000 ft., Clarke. È 
Perennial? Stems tufted, 2-4 in., elongating in fruit. Leaves 4-1 in., very 
narrow. Heads usually peduncled; invol. bracts a dark rich brown. Flowers few. 
*** Heads in rounded leafy axillary or terminal clusters. 
5. G pulvinatum, Delile Fl. /Egypt. 122, t. 44, f. 1; woolly, stems 
very many spreading from the root short prostrate, leaves -small spathulate, 
heads minute ji in. hidden amongst the bases of the crowded spreading ter- 
minal leaves and immersed in wool, invol. bracts slender linear recurved green 
with acute hyaline tips, achenes slender minutely papillose. DC. Prodr. vi. 
231; Boiss. Fl. Orient. ii. 225. G. crispatulum, Clarke Comp. Ind. 115. 
G. depressum, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 61; Fil. Ind. iii. 425. G. prostratum, Roxb. 
in Wall. Cat. 2955. Filago prostrata, DC. in Wight Contrib. 22; Prodr. vi. 
249. Evax indica, Ham. in Wall. Cat. 
VOL. III. U 
