294 LXXVIII. composirz. (J. D. Hooker.) LInula. 
erect, acuminate ` ligules shorter than the diam. of the head. Achenes A in.; pappus. 
pale reddish, 
Van. Clarkei ; stems and leaves beneath shortly tomentose, heads larger, invol. 
bracts more villous greener very pubescent, outer larger longer more herbaceous.— 
Mustag Pass, Kashmir, 11,500 ft., Clarke; Lahul, Jaeschke, This may be a different 
species, but I think it is only a very luxuriant state of 7, obtusifolia. 
*** Heads terminal, solitary or corymbose ; achenes nearly glabrous. 
9. I. Hookeri, Clarke Comp. Ind. 122 ; perennial, stem simple or branched 
villous above, leaves sessile or sub-petioled elliptic-lanceolate acute at both ends. 
gland-toothed membranous hairy on both surfaces, heads 13-2 in. diam. solita 
or 2-3, invol. hemispheric villous, bracts all very slender squarrosely recurved, 
achenes very small glabrous. Bot. Mag. t. 6411. 
Srxxim Himaraya; alt. 7-10,000 ft., J. D. H. 
Stem 1-2 ft., usually very shaggy above, but sometimes glabrescent. Leaves 3-5 
by 1-1} in., lower narrowed almost into a petiole, upper sessile, base auricled ; nerves 
slender, diverging. Heads very broad, shaggy with very long hairs; invol. bracts 
1-1 in., almost filiform ; ligules many, slender, as long as the disk is broad. Achenes 
i in., angled; pappus ¢ in., dirty-white. 
10. I. grandiflora, Willd.; Boiss. Fl. Or. iii. 186; perennial, stem 
simple hirsute or hairy above leafy throughout, leaves sessile oblong or elliptic- 
lanceolate acuminate gland-serrate glabrescent or sparingly hairy and ciliate, 
outermost often foliaceous, achenes very small nearly glabrous. 
Western HIMALAYA ; from Kashmir, alt. 6-7000 ft., to Kumaon and Nipal, alt. 
8-12,000 ft.—DrsrRiB. Westwards to the Caucasus. 
A shorter stouter species than Z. Hookeri, and with shorter leaves broader at the 
base, and more oblique nerves and single heads. Jnvolucre not shaggy in the Hima- 
layan examples (as they are in the Caucasian); bracts pubescent, rather rigid ; ligules 
longer than the disk is broad. Achenes with a very few short hairs or 0, and pappus 
as in I, Hookeri.—Clarke states that his was found by Stoliczka at 14—17,000 ft. 
elevation. 
1l. I. acuminata, DC. Prodr. v. 471; annual, stem strict glabrous or 
ubescent above, leaves small suberect elongate hastate acuminate from a 
lilated sessile cordate base obscurely toothed glabrous, heads 1-2 in. diam. few 
subcorymbuse, invol. bracts narrow linear acuminate erect green puberulous, 
achenes minute nearly glabrous. I, salicina, Clarke Comp. Ind. 132, not of 
Linn. 
Western Himataya, Royle, Falconer; Kashmir, Stoliczka; on calcareous rocks, 
alt. 8000 ft., Clarke. 
Usually quite glabrous, with the habit and foliage of a Lactuca. Stem shining, 
10-14 in., sometimes branched. Leaves 1—4 in., gradually tapering from the broad 
base to the very acuminate point; ligules short, recurved. Achenes } in. long, with 
a few short, erect hairs; pappus ¢ in., pale reddish. 
12. I. Falconeri, Hook. f.; annual, glabrous, sparsely hairy or tomentose, 
stem corymbosely branched rarely simple, lower leaves long linear or oblong or 
linear-oblong gradually contracted above the amplexicaul auricled base, cauline 
oblong, heads $-% in. diam. corymbose, invol. bracts linear acute pubescent or 
tomentose erect or recurved green, achenes minute sparsely pubescent. 
Western Tirer, Falconer ` Iskardo, alt. 7-8000 ft., Clarke. 
A very variable weedy annual; stems slender, glabrous simple and 12-18 in. high, 
or stout branched and tomentose. Leaves, lower sometimes 3 by 1 in. and contracted 
below, at others 4-1 in. oblong with auricled bases, nerves very obscure. Achenes 
and pappus as in Z. acuminata. 
