D E e vr 
Bidens. | LXXVIII. COMPOSITÆ. (J. D. Hooker.) | . 809 
60. BIDENS, Lon 
Annual or perennial, sometimes climbing herbs. Leaves opposite, entire 
toothed gashed or 1-2-pinnate. Heads corymbosely panicled or subsolitary, 
heterogamous and rayed or homogamous and disciform ; ray-fl., if present, 9 or 
neuter, l-seriate, ligule spreading yellow or white; disk-fl. 7, fertile, tubular, 
limb cylindric 5-fid. Involucre campanulate or hemispheric; bracts sub- 
2-seriate, bases connate, outer herbaceous short or leafy, inner membranous ; 
receptacle flat or convex, pales narrow nearly flat. Anther-cells entire or sub- 
sagittate. Style-arms of 5 hairy above, tips short acute or long and subulate. 
Achenes 4-gonous or dorsally compressed, linear or cuneiform, often narrowed 
but not beaked above; pappus of 2-4 rigid, retrosely hispid bristles or 0.— 
DisTRIB. Species about 50, chiefly American, 
* Achenes cunetform, tip truncate. 
1. B. cernua, Linn.; Boiss. Fl. Orient. iii. 250; leaves undivided serrate 
bases subconnate, heads drooping, outer invol. bracts leafy, inner ovate, achenes 
with 1—4 short awns or 0. Clarke Comp. Ind. 140. 
Western Himataya; Kashmir and Chumba, alt. 5-6000 ft., rare, Thomson.— 
Disrris. N. Asia, N. and mid. Europe, N. America. 
Annual, stout, erect, glabrous. Leaves 3-5 in., base sometimes auricled. Heads 
2-1 in. diam.; inner invol. bracts broad, membranous, pale brown; ligules 0 in 
Indian specimens. Achenes very variable, cuneate, compressed, margins sometimes 
thickened and armed with short recurved spines. 
2. B. tripartita, Linn.: Boiss. Fl. Orient. ii. 251; leaves 3-lobed 
3-partite or pinnatifid, segments lanceolate toothed, heads erect solitary discoid, 
outer invol. bracts herbaceous, inner oblong with scarious margins, achenes with 
2-3 short awns. Clarke Comp. Ind. 140. B. repens, Don Prodr. 180; DC. 
Prodr. v. 595; Wall. Cat. 3187, A.; Clarke Comp. Ind, 140. B. trifida, Roxb. 
Fi. Ind. iii. 411. B. frondosa, Herb. Ham. 
CENTRAL and Western HriwArAYA, in marshes, alt. 3-5000 ft., from Nipal to 
Kashmir. Western TipET; Iskardo, Thomson.—Disrris, N. Asia, Japan, and 
westwards to N. Africa, W. Europe and N. America. 
Stout, annual, erect, 1-3 ft. high, glabrous. Leaves 3-5 in. Heads % in. diam., 
peduncles long or short; outer invol. bracts exceeding the inner. Achenes j in., 
glabrous; awns very short, 
** Achenes long, slender, narrowed from the middle to the top. 
3. B. pilosa, Linn.; glabrous or hairy, leaves 3-fid 3-foliolate or 1-2- 
pinnatifid, achenes 4-% in. 
Throughout India, ascending the Himalaya and other mountains to 6000 ft.— 
DisrRrB. All warm countries. 
A very variable, erect, glabrous pilose or pnbescent herb, 6-24 in high, a well- 
known pest frem the adhesion of its barbed achenes to the garments and body. 
Leaves excessively variable. Heads on long stout peduncles, very variable in length, 
with or without white or yellow rays; invol. bracts with broad scarious margins. 
Achenes black, much exceeding the involuere, very slender, with 2-4 short, stout, 
spinescent awns covered with recurved hooks. 
Var. 1. pilosa proper ` leaves 3-fid or 3-seet., segments broadly or narrowly ovate 
or lanceolate serrate. B. pilosa, Linn.; DC. Prodr. v. 597 ; Clarke Comp. Ind. 140. 
B. leucantha, Willd, B. chinensis, Willd; Wall. Cat. 3189, A. B.C. B. tripartita 
and B. bipinnata, Wall. Cat. 3187, B. C. D. 
Var. 2. bipinnata ; leaves bipinnatifidly compound, segments ovate lanceolate or 
linear entire lobed or toothed. B. bipinnata, Linn.; Roxb., Fl, Ind. ii. 411, B. 
